Table 5 Mean ± standard deviation knee joint synovial fluid biomarkers at baseline and 2-year follow-up, as well as correlations with changes (Δ) in tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint space.
Baseline (n = 8) | Follow-up (n = 4) | P-value | Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | Δ Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Space | Δ Lateral Tibiofemoral Joint Space | Δ Medial Patellofemoral Joint Space | Δ Lateral Patellofemoral Joint Space | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C2C (ng/ml) | 0.11 ± 0.07 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 0.45 | 0.74 | 0.88 | 0.44 | − 0.25 | 0.03 |
PIIANP (ng/ml) | 3.21 ± 5.13 | 2.45 ± 4.00 | 0.85 | 0.16 | 0.83 | 0.38 | 0.76 | 0.91 |
NTX-1 (ng/ml) | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.35 | 1.20 | 0.94 | 0.72 | − 0.38 | − 0.62 |
CCL-2 (pg/ml) | 2.28 ± 1.88 | 1.07 ± 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.76 | 0.47 | 0.52 | − 0.94 | − 0.80 |
CXCL-10 (pg/ml) | 0.16 ± 0.12 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.58 | 0.40 | 0.56 | 0.35 | 0.48 | 0.21 |
CCL-11 (pg/ml) | 0.03 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.05* | 1.46 | 0.42 | 0.02 | 0.8 | 0.60 |
IL-18 (pg/ml) | 0.65 ± 0.66 | 0.86 ± 0.18 | 0.56 | 0.37 | 0.18 | − 0.04 | 0.92 | 0.78 |
IL-7 (pg/ml) | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.31 | 0.78 | 0.33 | − 0.25 | 0.71 | 0.88 |
SDF-1 (pg/ml) | 9.05 ± 6.76 | 7.62 ± 5.22 | 0.73 | 0.23 | 0.47 | 0.39 | − 0.97 | − 0.87 |
MMP-12 (pg/ml) | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.10 | 0.81 | 0.17 | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.02 | − 0.26 |
MMP-13 (pg/ml) | 0.40 ± 0.15 | 0.30 ± 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.59 | 0.99* | 0.81 | − 0.81 | − 0.94 |
MMP-7 (pg/ml) | 0.15 ± 0.13 | 0.17 ± 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.40 | 0.13 |
MMP-8 (pg/ml) | 0.18 ± 0.20 | 0.56 ± 0.72 | 0.38 | 0.90 | 0.56 | 0.70 | 0.96 | 0.99* |
MMP-1 (pg/ml) | 12.09 ± 19.80 | 4.95 ± 5.48 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.82 | 0.36 | − 0.94 | − 0.99* |
