Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: DC-electrical penetration graph waveforms for Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and the effects of entomopathogenic fungi on its probing behavior

Figure 4

Mean number of waveform event per insect (NWEI) and total waveform duration per insect (WDI) of non-probing (A,C) and waveform Dm1 (stylet pathway) (C,D) of corn-leafhopper Dalbulus maidis on maize plants at different time points after microbiological insecticide pulverization (Cordyceps javanica, strain ESALQ 1296). The columns and bars represent the mean and the standard error for each variable and time point. Bars with an asterisk (*) indicate a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) according to t-Student test or Mann–Whitney U test between untreated vs. treated insects in the same time point (ns non-significant).

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