Figure 1

Preparation steps of the MFI/GO/ZIF-8 hybrid nanoporous membrane. FESEM image (a) mullite support surface, (b) mullite surface after rubbing MFI grains. Surface and cross-sectional images, respectively, (c,d) MFI layer coated on the support (formation of MFI membrane), (e,f) graphene oxide layer coated on MFI layer (formation of MFI/GO membrane), (g,h) Zif-8 layer coated on GO layer (formation of MFI/GO/ZIF-8 membrane).