Table 1 Patients’ characteristics at baseline.

From: Changes of the bacterial composition in duodenal fluid from patients with liver cirrhosis and molecular bacterascites

Variable

Liver cirrhosis (n = 103)

Controls (n = 22)

Level of significance (p)

Age (years)

60 (29–80)

70 (37–88)

 < 0.001

Gender (male/female), n (%)

78/25 (75.7%/23.3%)

13/9 (59.1%/40.9%)

0.121

BMI (kg/m2)

26.8 (19.5–45.8); n = 94

25.5 (18.6–34.7); n = 19

0.320

Aetiology of cirrhosis, n (%)

 Alcoholic

75 (72.8)

n.a

n.a

 NASH

6 (5.8)

 Viral

7 (6.8)

 Autoimmune

4 (3.9)

 Cryptogenic

8 (7.8)

 Others

3 (2.9)

Status of decompensation

 Bacterial infection

39 (37.9)

n.a

n.a

 Ascites

72 (69.9)

 HE

33 (32.0)

 Bleeding

7 (6.8)

MELD score, median (range)

14 (6–37), n = 94

n.a

n.a

Child pugh score, n (%)

(n = 90)

 A

29 (32.2)

n.a

n.a

 B

35 (38.9)

 C

26 (28.9)

Ascites leukocyte count (cells/mm3)

166 (50–1779); n = 39

n.a

n.a

PMN (cells/mm3)

27 (10–480); n = 13

SBP at baseline, n (%)

7/103 (6.8)

n.a

n.a

SBP 6 months prior

8/103 (7.7)

Baseline, n (%)

 

Bilirubin (μmol/L)

32.4 (4.4–530.1); n = 103

9.7 (5.7–179.4); n = 21

 < 0.001

Albumin (g/L)

34.5 (17.0–54.6); n = 95

40.6 (18.5–48.5); n = 14

0.014

INR, median

1.3 (1.0–3.3); n = 92

1.1 (0.9–1.2); n = 17

 < 0.001

Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

85 (6–588); n = 103

78 (47–132); n = 21

0.137

GFR (mL/min)

72.0 (7.5–149.7); n = 90

90.3 (41.0–101.5); n = 18

0.468

ALAT (µkat/L)

0.44 (0.12–2.16); n = 100

0.34 (0.18–6.79); n = 21

0.189

GGT (µkat/L)

1.74 (0.19–25.36); n = 101

0.76 (0.18–43.39); n = 21

0.023

White blood cell count (10E9/L)

6.5 (2.1–35.9); n = 101

7.0 (1.0–15.2); n = 22

0.681

Hemoglobin (mmol/L)

6.6 (4.1–10.3); n = 101

7.7 (4.4–9.6); n = 22

0.097

C-reactive protein (mg/L)

13.4 (0.3–146.1); n = 101

7.4 (0.3–201.5); n = 22

0.241

Antibiotic therapy; n (%)

 –at baseline

32/103 (31.1)

3/22 (13.6)

0.121

 –7 d before baseline

30/103 (29.1)

0/22

0.004

PPI, n (%)

66/103 (64.41)

16/22 (72.7)

0.473

NSBB, n (%)

60/103 (58.2 )

0/22

 < 0.001

Lactulose, n (%)

49/103 (47.6)

0/22

 < 0.001

Esophageal varices, n (%)

84/103 (81.6)

0/22

 < 0.001

History of esophageal varices bleeding, n (%)

20/103 (19.4)

0/22

0.023

HE at baseline, n (%)

37/103 (35.9)

0/22

 < 0.001

  1. Categorical data are displayed as absolute values and as percentage. Metric data are shown as median (range). Groups were compared using either Mann–Whitney U test or Chi-square test.
  2. ALAT alanine-amino-transferase, GFR glomerular filtration rate, GGT gamma-glutamyltransferase, HE hepatic encephalopathy, INR international normalized ratio, MELD model for end-stage liver disease, NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NSBB non-selective beta-blockers, PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte count, PPI proton pump inhibitor, SBP spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, n.a. not applicable.
  3. Significant values are in bold.
Back to article page