Table 5 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the studied traits in Mentha piperita L. plants under different cadmium stress (Factor a) with nanoparticles of TiO2 sprayed (Factor b).

From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: Unraveling the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on growth, physiological and phytochemical characteristics of Mentha piperita L. in cadmium-contaminated soil

Source of variation

Df

Mean Square

Phenol

Flavonoid

Anthocyanin

Essential oil content

Block

2

128.83**

6.19**

0.054**

0.008ns

a

3

4325.77**

38.42**

1.234**

0.874**

b

2

955.13**

11.38**

0.260**

0.485**

a × b

6

192.85**

0.49**

0.025**

0.088**

Error

22

2.48

0.02

0.0006

0.002

  1. ns, Not significant.
  2. *Significant at the 0.05 probability level.
  3. **Significant at the 0.01probability level.
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