Table 2 Differential expression of genes upregulated at least tenfold in bacterial versus viral illness.
Functional category | Genes |
|---|---|
Upregulated in bacterial infection | |
Acid/base equilibrium | CA4 |
Acute phase reactants | ALPL, C4BPA, HP, HPR, ORM1, ORM2 |
Antimicrobial killing | ARG1, PGLYRP1, PI3, S100A12, SLPI |
Apoptosis/development | KREMEN1 |
Cell division | SPATC1 |
Cell migration | ITGA7 |
Cell motility | CFAP126 |
Epigenetics | KDM5D |
Extracellular matrix integrity | ADAMTS2, PCOLCE2 |
Heavy metal binding | MT1H |
Immune regulation (cell surface receptors) | CD177, CD300LD, VSIG4 |
Innate immune response | IL1R2 |
Metabolism | OLAH, SLC51A, VNN1 |
Protein degradation | MMP8, PGA4 |
Protein processing/sorting | AP3B2, FAM20A, GALNT14, ZDHHC19 |
Signal transduction | BMX, NECAB1, RCVRN |
Transcription | KLF14 |
Translation | EIF1AY |
Upregulated in viral infection | |
Amino acid metabolism | IL4I1, SDS |
Antimicrobial killing | DEFB1 |
Apoptosis | BCL2L14 |
Autophagy | RUFY4 |
Cell activation receptors | LY6E |
Cell–cell interactions | AGRN, DSP, SIGLEC1 |
Cell differentiation/growth | AXL, EPHB2 |
Cell motility | DZIP1L, TTC21A |
Cell structure/junctional | JUP, KRT5, NEXN, OTOF, SAMD4A |
Electrochemical gradiant | NKAIN1 |
Exocytosis | EXOC3L1 |
Interferon response/chemokines/cytokines | DDX60, HERC5, HERC6, IFI27, IFI44, IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, ISG15, LAMP3, MX1, NRIR, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, OASL, RSAD2, USP18, CCL2, CCL8, CXCL10, CXCL11, FPR3, LIP |
Intracellular trafficking | FBX039, RABGAP1L, RIN2 |
Mitochondrial DNA synthesis | CMPK2 |
Pattern recognition receptors | CLEC4F, TLR3 |
Transcription | HES4, HESX1, ZNF684 |
Non-coding or poorly characterized/unknown | ALMS1P1, ERICH3, HSPB9, KCTD14, LINC00487, LOC100133669, LOC101927027, LOC105369192, SPATS2L, TMEM252, TMEM255A, XIST |
