Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 121 cohort patients.

From: Characteristics of long COVID and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on long COVID 2 years following COVID-19 infection: prospective cohort study

Characteristics

No symptoms (24 months)

Symptoms (24 months)

Total

P value

(N = 46)

(N = 75)

(N = 121)

Duration (days) from COVID-19 diagnosis to 24 months following COVID-19 infection, median [IQR]

749.0 [742.0–755.0]

746.0 [739.0–755.0]

749.0 [739.0–755.0]

0.327

Days from COVID-19-related symptom onset to diagnosis, median [IQR]

2.0 [0.0–4.0]

2.0 [0.0–5.0]

2.0 [0.0–4.0]

0.568

Sex

0.025

 Male

25 (54.3%)

24 (32.0%)

49 (40.5%)

 

 Female

21 (45.7%)

51 (68.0%)

72 (59.5%)

 

Age (years), median [IQR]

48.5 [36.0–58.0]

54.0 [39.5–62.0]

52.0 [39.0–61.0]

0.069

Age distribution (years)

0.416

 20–29

7 (15.2%)

9 (12.0%)

16 (13.2%)

 

 30–39

9 (19.6%)

10 (13.3%)

19 (15.7%)

 

 40–49

8 (17.4%)

10 (13.3%)

18 (14.9%)

 

 50–59

13 (28.3%)

19 (25.3%)

32 (26.4%)

 

 60–70

9 (19.6%)

27 (36.0%)

36 (29.8%)

 

Height (cm), median [IQR]

167.0 [158.0–175.0]

161.0 [156.5–167.0]

163.0 [157.0–170.5]

0.031

Weight (kg), median [IQR]

68.0 [55.0–75.0]

61.0 [54.5–69.0]

63.0 [55.0–72.5]

0.077

BMI (kg/m2), median [IQR]

24.0 [22.2–26.4]

23.9 [21.6–25.4]

24.0 [21.8–25.8]

0.402

Current smoker

1.000

 Yes

1 (2.2%)

1 (1.3%)

2 (1.7%)

 

 No

45 (97.8%)

74 (98.7%)

119 (98.3%)

 

Disease severity category

   

0.167

Asymptomatic

4 (8.7%)

1 (1.3%)

5 (4.1%)

 

Mild

24 (52.2%)

38 (50.7%)

62 (51.2%)

 

Moderate

15 (32.6%)

24 (32.0%)

39 (32.2%)

 

Severe

3 (6.5%)

9 (12.0%)

12 (9.9%)

 

Critical

0 (0.0%)

3 (4.0%)

3 (2.5%)

 

Overall disease severity

0.211

 ≥ Severe

3 (6.5%)

12 (16%)

15 (12.4%)

 

 < Severe

43 (93.5%)

63 (84%)

106 (87.6%)

 

Quarantine site during acute COVID-19 infection

0.084

Secondary or tertiary hospital

34 (73.9%)

64 (85.3%)

98 (81.0%)

 

Therapeutic living center

12 (26.1%)

9 (12.0%)

21 (17.4%)

 

Self-quarantine at home

0 (0.0%)

2 (2.7%)

2 (1.7%)

 

COVID-19 vaccination historya

1.000

 Yes

43 (93.5%)

70 (93.3%)

113 (93.4%)

 

 No

3 (6.5%)

5 (6.7%)

8 (6.6%)

 

Number of COVID-19 vaccinations

0.846

 0

3 (6.5%)

5 (6.7%)

8 (6.6%)

 

 2

12 (26.1%)

25 (33.3%)

37 (30.6%)

 

 3

30 (65.2%)

44 (58.7%)

74 (61.2%)

 

 4

1 (2.2%)

1 (1.3%)

2 (1.7%)

 

Diagnosed with new disease since COVID-19 infection

   

0.969

 Yes

4 (8.7%)

8 (10.7%)

12 (9.9%)

 

 No

42 (91.3%)

67 (89.3%)

109 (90.1%)

 

Readmitted to hospital or health facility after the first acute COVID-19 illness

> 0.999

 Yes

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 

 No

46 (100.0%)

75 (100.0%)

121 (100.0%)

 

Re-infection from COVID-19

0.132

 Yes

4 (8.7%)

1 (1.3%)

5 (4.1%)

 

 No

42 (91.3%)

74 (98.7%)

116 (95.9%)

 
  1. IQR, interquartile range; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; BMI, body mass index.
  2. aAll individuals received vaccination after acute COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 vaccines used were Astrazeneca (AZ), Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273), and Pfizer BioNTech (BNT162b2).
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