Figure 1

Higher cfDNA levels in patients with different subtypes of r-axSpA compared with healthy individuals. (a) Serum cfDNA levels were higher in r-axSpA patients than in healthy controls (HC). (b) Serum cfDNA levels in patients with or without peripheral joint involvement. (c) Serum cfDNA levels in patients with or without expression of HLA-B27. (d) Serum cfDNA levels were higher in men than in women. (e) Serum cfDNA levels in two groups of patients divided by median age of 32 years. (f) Serum cfDNA levels were significantly higher in patients with a short disease duration (≤ 5 years) than in patients with a long disease duration (> 5 years). Each data point represents a separate subject. Horizontal lines show the mean value of patients with r-axSpA and healthy controls. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 and ns not significant.