Table 3 SRR (95% CI) of the risk of subsequent cancers in patients exposed to group I pharmaceuticals by indication.

From: Group I pharmaceuticals of IARC and associated cancer risks: systematic review and meta-analysis

Group I pharmaceuticals

Cancer outcome

Indications

Study N

SRR (95% CI)

Cyclosporine

Skin

Solid organ transplant

1120,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,30,31

1.17 (0.98–1.40)i

Rheumatoid arthritis

229,32

3.55 (1.60–7.85)i

Hematologic

Solid organ transplant

620,33,34,35,36,37

0.96 (0.86–1.07)l

Azathioprine

Skin

Solid organ transplant

821,22,23,24,25,27,28,31

1.43 (1.11–1.83)i

Inflammatory bowel disease

3 38,40,41

1.63 (0.99–2.66)l

Myasthenia

139

3.30 (1.50–7.30)

Rheumatoid arthritis

129

1.94 (0.87–4.34)

Hematologic

Solid organ transplant

733,34,35,36,37,46,47

1.08 (0.81–1.45)h

Inflammatory bowel disease

338,42,45

3.77 (2.56–5.54)l

Rheumatoid arthritis

143

1.07 (0.74–1.54)

Systemic lupus erythematosus

144

1.19(0.48–2.92)

Cyclophosphamide

Bladder

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

249,50

2.31 (0.58–9.24)i

Ovarian cancer

148

4.20 (1.20–14.00)

Hematologic

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

250,54

1.59 (0.71–3.55)l

Breast cancer

151

3.10 (1.30–7.70)

Lymphoma

153

14.80 (3.70–59.4)

Rheumatoid arthritis

143

1.84 (1.24–2.73)

Ovarian cancer

152

2.65 (1.64–4.26)

Systemic lupus erythematosus

144

2.09 (0.69–6.30)

Busulfan

Hematologic

Essential thrombocythemia

155

4.48 (1.11–27.10)

Polycythemia vera

156

8.64 (2.44–30.60)

Chlorambucil

Hematologic

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

154

2.40 (0.70–8.60)

Ovarian cancer

152

1.19 (0.72–1.97)

Methoxsalen + UV

Skin

Psoriasis

157

6.50 (1.40–31.40)

Melphalan

Hematologic

Breast cancer

151

3.10 (1.30–7.70)

Ovarian cancer

252,58

5.83 (0.55–61.2)h

MOPP

Lung

Hodgkin disease

159

5.00 (2.10–13.60)

Etoposide

Hematologic

Solid tumor

160

2.70 (1.20–6.00)

Thiotepa

Hematologic

Ovarian cancer

152

1.82 (1.09–3.03)

  1. Study N study number, SRR summary relative risk, CI confidence interval, UV ultraviolet, MOPP mustargen-oncovin-procarbazine-prednisone mixture, l low heterogeneity (I2 < 34), i intermediate heterogeneity (34 ≤ I2 < 67), h high heterogeneity (67 ≤ I2).
  2. Significant values are in [bold].