Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants and subjects with high risk of oral frailty.
Variables | Categories | Total | High risk of oral frailty (n = 1418) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 5051 | n | % | |||
Gender | Male | 1907 | 532 | 27.9 | 0.846 |
Female | 3144 | 886 | 28.2 | ||
Age, years | 20–39 | 803 | 49 | 6.1 | < 0.001 |
40–49 | 732 | 73 | 10.0 | ||
50–59 | 834 | 141 | 16.9 | ||
60–69 | 860 | 245 | 28.5 | ||
70–79 | 999 | 403 | 40.3 | ||
≥ 80 | 823 | 507 | 61.6 | ||
Residential areas | Yokohama | 1971 | 570 | 28.9 | 0.725 |
Kawasaki | 1029 | 283 | 27.5 | ||
Sagamihara | 322 | 96 | 29.8 | ||
Yokosuka/Miura | 501 | 143 | 28.5 | ||
Shonan-tobu | 387 | 108 | 27.9 | ||
Shonan-seibu | 242 | 64 | 26.4 | ||
Kenoh | 436 | 107 | 24.5 | ||
Kensei | 163 | 47 | 28.8 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 129 | 75 | 58.1 | < 0.001 |
No | 4922 | 1343 | 27.3 | ||
Heart disease | Yes | 116 | 78 | 67.2 | < 0.001 |
No | 4935 | 1340 | 27.2 | ||
Cerebrovascular disease | Yes | 75 | 53 | 70.7 | < 0.001 |
No | 4976 | 1365 | 27.4 | ||
Exercise habits | Yes | 3573 | 880 | 24.6 | < 0.001 |
No | 1478 | 538 | 36.4 | ||
Smoking habits | Yes | 973 | 297 | 30.5 | 0.062 |
No | 4078 | 1121 | 27.5 | ||
Eating a balanced diet | Yes | 2163 | 567 | 26.2 | 0.011 |
No | 2888 | 851 | 29.5 | ||
Consciousness of oral health | Yes | 4588 | 1192 | 26.0 | < 0.001 |
No | 463 | 226 | 48.8 | ||
Awareness of oral frailty | Yes | 1495 | 279 | 18.7 | < 0.001 |
No | 3556 | 1139 | 32.0 | ||
Outpatient category | Home visit | 685 | 380 | 55.5 | < 0.001 |
Hospital visit | 4366 | 1038 | 23.8 | ||
