Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.
From: Deep learning-based prediction of post-pancreaticoduodenectomy pancreatic fistula
Variable | N = 1333 |
|---|---|
Age (years) | 63.4 ± 10.6 |
Sex (male) | 797 (59.8) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 3.3 |
Underlying disease (hypertension/diabetes mellitus/cerebrovascular accident) | 399 (29.9)/272 (20.4)/30 (2.3) |
Laboratory data | |
White blood cell (103/μL) | 6220 ± 1964 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.3 ± 4.9 |
Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | 1.3 ± 2.2 |
Albumin (g/L) | 3.6 ± 6.2 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 138.2 ± 64.1 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.7 ± 0.4 |
Operative indication | |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 531 (39.8) |
Other malignancies | 544 (40.8) |
Low-grade malignancies | 193 (14.5) |
Benign disease | 65 (4.8) |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery | 88 (6.6) |
Pancreatic duct size (mm) | 3.8 ± 2.0 |
Pancreatic texture (soft/hard/firm/unknown) | 844 (63.3)/207 (15.5)/267 (20.0)/15 (1.1) |
Pylorus preservation | 862 (64.7) |
Concurrent vessel resection | 228 (17.1) |
Operative time (min) | 330.9 ± 88.2 |
Intraoperative transfusion | 239 (17.9) |
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (biochemical leakage/grade B/grade C) | 463 (34.7)/83 (6.2)/3 (0.2) |
Other postoperative complications | 149 (11.2) |
