Table 2 Comparison of TC photocatalytic-degradation efficiency of this work with other visible-light-driven catalytic systems from recent literatures.

From: Tetracycline removal from wastewater via g-C3N4 loaded RSM-CCD-optimised hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactor

TC Con. (ppm)

Photocatalyst/membrane

Light source

Irradiation time (min)

Removal of TC (%)

Ref

40

SnO2-modified-g-C3N4

Three 50 W fluorescent lamps

120

90.29

57

10

Au-TiO2/pDA-PVDF

300W xenon

120

92

58

10

cobalt-doped ZnTiO3/Ti3C2Tx MXene

300 W xenon

1440

 ~ 80

59

20

MnFe2O4/BiOI

500 W xenon

200

83.04

60

0.1

ZnIn2S4/PVDF

150W halogen

2160

92

61

30

Type-1 α-Fe2O3/TiO2

500 W halogen

120

97.5

62

20

Bi2WO6-CeO2/PVDF MoO3/g-C3N4 Z-scheme

Visible light

200

82

63

20

TiO2-BiOBr-NCQDs/PVDF

300W xenon

120

77

64

20

AgBr nanoparticles decorated 2D/2D GO/Bi2WO6

350 W xenon

60

84

65

20

AgI/BiVO4 p–n junction

500 W xenon

100

 ~ 85

66

5

Au-TiO2/PVDF

300W xenon

120

75

67

10

AgBr–TiO2-Palygorskite

300W xenon

90

90

68

20

Bi2WO6-CeO2/PVDF

Visible light

200

82

69

22.16

g-C3N4 membrane reactor

300W xenon

143.776

94.8%

This work