Table 6 Neutrophil phagocytosis activity and natural killer cell activity.

From: Evaluation of the benefits of neutral bicarbonate ionized water baths in an open-label, randomized, crossover trial

 

Control (n = 25), mean (± SD)

NBIW (n = 25), mean (± SD)

Between-group comparison (week 4)

Within-group comparison

p

r

Effect size

p

Control

NBIW

Neutrophil phagocytosis activity

%

Baseline

83.4 ± 2.4

0.1542

− 0.20

Small

0.0350*

0.0044**

Week 4

84.1 ± 2.0

84.6 ± 2.2

NK cell activity

%

Baseline

24.9 ± 13.8

0.7378

− 0.05

–

0.0000**

0.0001**

Week 4

35.7 ± 11.8

34.9 ± 11.4

  1. Between-group comparisons were tested by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
  3. Effect size was calculated as r family: small (0.1 ≤|r|< 0.3), medium (0.3 ≤|r|< 0.5), large (0.5 ≤|r|).
  4. NBIW, neutral bicarbonate ionized water; NK, natural killer.
Back to article page