Table 3 Association of the tumour characteristics with post-menopausal status.

From: Comparative analysis of breast cancer characteristics in young premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Ghana

Variables

BCa status

Fisher’s test

35 years and below

below

Postmenopausal

P-value

n = 31

n = 109

Tumor size (cm) (mean ± SD)

8.76 ± 6.08

6.2 ± 3.34

0.026

Histological type

 

0.213

 DCIS

2 (6.5)

2 (1.8)

 

 Invasive carcinoma

29 (93.5)

107 (98.2)

 

Staging

  

0.864

 Chest CT and ABD USG

26 (83.9)

92 (84.4)

 

 Chest Xray and ABD USG

5 (16.1)

15 (13.8)

 

 Skeletal survey

0 (0.0)

2 (1.8)

 

Tumor grade

  

0.180

 Grade one

0 (0.0)

8 (7.34)

 

 Grade two

15 (48.39)

61 (55.96)

 

 Grade three

16 (51.61)

40 (36.70)

 

Tumour location

  

0.572

 Left

16 (51.6)

56 (51.4)

 

 Right

15 (48.4)

53 (48.6)

 

LVI

  

0.531

 No

1 (3.23)

2 (1.83)

 

 Yes

30 (96.77)

107 (98.17)

 

Site of lump

  

0.908

 Lower inner quadrant

1 (3.2)

5 (4.6)

 

 Lower outer quadrant

1 (3.2)

10 (9.2)

 

 More than one quadrant

9 (29.1)

28 (25.6)

 

 Upper inner quadrant

1 (3.2)

5 (4.6)

 

 Outer upper quadrant

19 (61.3)

61 (56.0)

 

Skin involvement

  

0.376

 No

17 (54.8)

54 (49.5)

 

 Yes

14 (45.2)

55 (50.5)

 

Type of skin involvement

 Peau d’orange

14 (100.0)

37 (67.3)

0.026

 Ulceration

0 (0.0)

18 (32.7)

 
  1. BCa: breast cancer; Interval, LVI: lymphovascular invasion.