Table 1 The baseline characteristics of participants.

From: Non-linear relationship between pulse pressure and the risk of prediabetes: a 5-year cohort study in Chinese adults

PP (quartile) (mmHg)

Q1 (≤ 36)

Q2 (37–42)

Q3 (43–50)

Q4 (≥ 51)

P value

participants

49,325

45,002

54,047

53,946

 

Age (years)

40.16 ± 10.13

40.33 ± 10.49

40.70 ± 11.54

44.78 ± 15.49

< 0.001

Height (cm)

165.54 ± 7.99

166.10 ± 8.15

166.99 ± 8.27

166.92 ± 8.74

< 0.001

Weight (kg)

61.54 ± 11.55

63.24 ± 11.75

65.14 ± 11.93

67.06 ± 12.37

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

22.34 ± 3.15

22.81 ± 3.17

23.25 ± 3.22

23.96 ± 3.38

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

105.24 ± 10.87

112.31 ± 10.65

119.93 ± 10.80

134.38 ± 14.21

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

73.92 ± 10.77

72.75 ± 10.49

73.61 ± 10.46

75.09 ± 10.90

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.63 ± 0.86

4.65 ± 0.87

4.68 ± 0.89

4.78 ± 0.94

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.20 ± 0.91

1.25 ± 0.93

1.32 ± 0.99

1.43 ± 1.06

< 0.001

HDL-c (mmol/L)

1.39 ± 0.31

1.38 ± 0.31

1.37 ± 0.30

1.36 ± 0.30

< 0.001

LDL-c (mmol/L)

2.72 ± 0.66

2.73 ± 0.67

2.76 ± 0.67

2.83 ± 0.70

< 0.001

ALT (U/L)

16 (11.8, 24.1)

17 (12.0, 26.0)

18.2 (13.0–28.0)

19.7 (14.0–29.2)

< 0.001

AST (U/L)

21 (18.0, 25.0)

21.2 (18.0, 26.0)

22 (18.5, 26.4)

23 (19.0, 27.8)

< 0.001

BUN (mmol/L)

4.52 ± 1.15

4.57 ± 1.15

4.65 ± 1.17

4.79 ± 1.22

< 0.001

Scr (μmol/L)

67.50 ± 14.98

68.78 ± 15.18

70.63 ± 15.16

72.43 ± 17.12

< 0.001

FPG1 (mmol/L)

4.76 ± 0.56

4.81 ± 0.55

4.86 ± 0.54

4.97 ± 0.52

< 0.001

FPG2 (mmol/L)

5.00 ± 0.47

5.02 ± 0.48

5.05 ± 0.48

5.15 ± 0.51

< 0.001

Sex

    

< 0.001

 Male

21,633 (43.84%)

22,180 (49.29%)

31,329 (57.97%)

34,278 (63.54%)

< 0.001

 Female

27,712 (56.16%)

22,822 (50.71%)

22,718 (42.03%)

19,668 (36.46%)

 

Smoking status

    

< 0.001

 Current smoker

2581 (18.38%)

2414 (19.32%)

3113 (20.16%)

3025 (19.95%)

 

 Ever smoker

496 (3.53%)

484 (3.87%)

727 (4.71%)

685 (4.52%)

 

 Never

10,964 (78.09%)

9598 (76.81%)

11,603 (75.13%)

11,452 (75.53%)

 

Drinking status

    

< 0.001

 Current drinker

216 (1.54%)

290 (2.32%)

332 (2.15%)

373 (2.46%)

 

 Ever drinker

1770 (12.61%)

1788 (14.31%)

2501 (16.20%)

2394 (15.79%)

 

 Never

12,055 (85.86%)

10,418 (83.37%)

12,610 (81.66%)

12,395 (81.75%)

 

Family history of diabetes

    

< 0.001

 No

48,164 (97.61%)

44,052 (97.89%)

52,986 (98.04%)

53,104 (98.44%)

 

 Yes

1181 (2.39%)

950 (2.11%)

1061 (1.96%)

843 (1.56%)

 
  1. Continuous variables were summarized as mean (SD) or medians (quartile interval); categorical variables were displayed as percentage (%).
  2. BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-c high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Scr serum creatinine, FPG1 fasting plasma glucose at baseline, FPG2 fasting plasma glucose at follow-up.
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