Table 1 Primary statistical results for differences between Groups, Shoes, and Phase for primary variance characteristics (Table 2): variance parallel to the UCM (VUCM), variance orthogonal (VORTH), and ratio (VRATIO) for the vertical component (LegZ) and horizontal component (LegY).
Variable | Group | Shoe | Phase | Group × Shoe | Group × Phase | Shoe × Phase | Group × Shoe × Phase | Tukey’s Shoe effects | Phase effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LegZ | |||||||||
 VUCM | F(1,18) = 0.88 p = .362 | F(2,36) = 0.33 p = .329 | F(1,18) = 1.33 p = .264 | F(2,36) = 1.47 p = .244 | F(1,18) = 0.15 p = .705 | F(2,36) = 0.28 p = .761 | F(2,36) = 0.22 p = .802 |  |  |
 VORTH | F(1,18) = 0.13 p = .723 | F(2,36) = 6.36 p = .007 | F(1,18) = 104.6 p < .001 | F(2,36) = 3.335 p = .079 | F(1,18) = 0.02 p = .892 | F(2,36) = 0.53 p = .592 | F(2,36) = 1.36 p = .270 | Low > med: p = .003 Low > high: p = .003 Med > high: p = .739 | Pre > Post p < .001 |
 VRATIO | F(1,18) = 0.43 p = .518 | F(2,36) = 7.95 p = .006 | F(1,18) = 221.8 p < .001 | F(2,36) = 0.47 p = .534 | F(1,18) = 0.11 p = .743 | F(2,36) = 0.37 p = .692 | F(2,36) = 0.41 p = .666 | Low < med: p = .043 Low < high: p < .001 Med < high: p = .063 | Pre < Post p < .001 |
LegY | |||||||||
 VUCM | F(1,18) = 1.19 p = .290 | F(2,36) = 0.74 p = .432 | F(1,18) = 5.79 p = .027 | F(2,36) = 1.98 p = .173 | F(1,18) = 0.17 p = .689 | F(2,36) = 0.26 p = .772 | F(2,36) = 0.22 p = .803 |  | Pre > Post p = .027 |
 VORTH | F(1,18) = 0.02 p = .896 | F(2,36) = 0.89 p = .409 | F(1,18) = 2.08 p = .166 | F(2,36) = 0.38 p = .623 | F(1,18) = 0.06 p = .808 | F(2,36) = 0.29 p = .750 | F(2,36) = 0.12 p = .890 |  |  |
 VRATIO | F(1,18) = 4.39 p = .051 | F(2,36) = 1.29 p = .287 | F(1,18) = 3.83 p = .066 | F(2,36) = 0.28 p = .723 | F(1,18) = 0.004 p = .949 | F(2,36) = 0.09 p = .909 | F(2,36) = 0.23 p = .799 |  |  |
