Table 2 Association between cofactors and use of clean energy in Bangladesh.

From: Determinants of household adoption of clean energy with its rural–urban disparities in Bangladesh

Variables

Clean energy

χ2 Value

(p-value)

Non adopter (%)

Adopter (%)

Division

 Barishal

95.50%

4.50%

9224.152 (< 0.001)

 Chattogram

76.20%

23.80%

 Dhaka

55.60%

44.40%

 Khulna

91.90%

8.10%

 Mymensingh

91.50%

8.50%

 Rajshahi

91.30%

8.70%

 Rangpur

95.00%

5.00%

 Sylhet

86.10%

13.90%

 Residence

Urban

40.50%

59.50%

17,086.867 (< 0.001)

 Rural

91.30%

8.70%

Sex of household head

 Male

80.70%

19.30%

108.169 (< 0.001)

 Female

75.70%

24.30%

Household head education

 No education

90.80%

9.20%

4249.15(< 0.001)

 Primary

84.50%

15.50%

 Secondary and above

67.00%

33.00%

Religion

 Muslim

79.30%

20.70%

181.668 (< 0.001)

 Non-Muslim

86.70%

13.30%

Ethnicity

 Bengali

79.90%

20.10%

80.942 (< 0.001)

 Others

93.40%

6.60%

Wealth index

 Poor

99.80%

0.20%

21,338.894 (< 0.001)

 Middle

97.20%

2.80%

 Rich

50.70%

49.30%

Household Size

 < 4

76.10%

23.90%

456.836 (< 0.001)

 5-Apr

80.60%

19.40%

 6 + 

85.90%

14.10%

Age

 15–64

78.90%

21.10%

325.962 (< 0.001)

 65 + 

87.60%

12.40%

Internet

 Yes

67.00%

33.00%

3938.143 (< 0.001)

 No

87.90%

12.10%

Dwelling

 Own

89.30%

10.70%

21,946.994 (< 0.001)

 Rent

18.20%

81.80%

 Others

90.80%

9.20%

Mobile

 Yes

79.40%

20.60%

337.901 (< 0.001)

 No

92.70%

7.30%