Table 3 Contact irritancy and repellent effects of L. alba essential oil (EO) on An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti (permethrin = positive control of contact irritancy tests).
From: Biological effects of Lippia alba essential oil against Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti
Contact irritancy | Non-contact repellency | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
An. gambiae Kisumu | Ae. aegypti SBE | An. gambiae Kisumu | Ae. aegypti SBE | |||||||
n | % escaped (95% CI) | n | % escaped (95% CI) | n | % escaped (95% CI) | n | % escaped (95% CI) | |||
EO | 0.1% | Control | 71 | 23.9 (14–33.8) | 68 | 17.6 (8.6–26.6) | 66 | 16.6 (7.7–25.5) | 67 | 1.4 (0–4.2) |
Treated | 69 | 60.8*** (49.3–72.3) | 72 | 62.5*** (51.4–73.6) | 66 | 68.1*** (56.9–79.3) | 67 | 7.4 (1.2–13.6) | ||
1% | Control | 67 | 17.9 (8.8–27) | 69 | 14.4 (6.2–22.6) | 71 | 18.3 (9.4–27.2) | 71 | 7 (1.1–12.9) | |
Treated | 67 | 100*** | 71 | 91.5*** (85.1–97.9) | 69 | 76.8*** (66.9–86.7) | 70 | 68.5*** (57.2–79.8) | ||
2.5% | Control | 70 | 24.2 (14.2–34.2) | 67 | 7.4 (1.2–13.6) | 66 | 4.54 (0–9.5) | 63 | 1.5 (0–4.5) | |
Treated | 64 | 79.6*** (69.8–89.4) | 68 | 94.1*** (88.5–99.7) | 62 | 43.5*** (31.2–55.8) | 68 | 33.8*** (22.6–45) | ||
5% | Control | 69 | 17.3 (8.4–26.2) | 65 | 4.6 (0–9.6) | 63 | 9.5 (2.3–16.7) | 64 | 1.5 (0–4.4) | |
Treated | 71 | 70.4*** (59.8–81) | 71 | 77.4*** (67.7–87.1) | 68 | 26.4* (16–36.8) | 67 | 11.9* (4.2–19.6) | ||
Permethrin | 0.011 µl/cm2 | Control | 68 | 7.3 (1.2–13.4) | 67 | 10.44 (3.1–17.7) | – | |||
Treated | 69 | 23.1* (13.2–33) | 72 | 31.9* (21.2–42.6) | ||||||
0.11 µl/cm2 | Control | 67 | 10.4 (3.1–17.7) | 66 | 10.6 (3.2–18) | |||||
Treated | 68 | 48.5*** (36.7–60.3) | 70 | 60*** (48.6–71.4) | ||||||
