Table 1 Total energies and work functions (WF) results for all the heterostructures and their constituent systems. In the case of freestanding and peeled-off plumbene layers, the two reported values are ionization energies and electron affinities. Si-term refers to the Si-terminated SiC substrate, and C-term to the C-terminated case. PO stands for peeled-off layer, for which the isolated plumbene and graphene calculations have been performed extracting their geometry from the heterostructure.

From: Thermodynamics and electronic structure of adsorbed and intercalated plumbene in graphene/hexagonal SiC heterostructures

System

E_tot [Ry]

WF (eV)

Pb gas phase (per atom)

− 140.3395

 

Pb bulk metal (per atom)

− 140.4921

 

Plumbene (freestanding)

− 1966.3089

4.36/3.83

Plumbene PO C-term

− 1966.2872

4.36/3.70

Plumbene PO Si-term

− 1966.2845

4.36/3.70

Graphene (freestanding)

− 674.8085

4.24

Graphene PO C-term

− 674.4350

4.55

Graphene PO Si-term

− 674.5196

4.51

SiC slab C-term

− 1581.2708

5.49

SiC slab Si-term

− 1581.9570

3.62

Pb/Gr/SiC 14 C-term

− 4222.3359

4.86

Gr/Pb/SiC 14 C-term

− 4224.0457

5.13

Gr/Pb/SiC 13 C-term

− 4083.4806

5.13

Pb/Gr/SiC 14 Si-term

− 4223.1916

3.30

Gr/Pb/SiC 14 Si-term

− 4224.6545

3.58

Gr/Pb/SiC 13 Si-term

− 4084.2662

3.73

Pb/Gr/ZLG/SiC Si-term

− 4897.3733

3.27

Gr/Pb/ZLG/SiC Si-term

− 4897.3870

3.25

Gr/ZLG/Pb/SiC Si-term

− 4898.5129

3.82