Table 3 Risk factors and comorbidities of premature CAD and mature CAD across all groups (n = 29,241; respectively).

From: Coronary risk factor profiles according to different age categories in premature coronary artery disease patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention

Parameters

A

B

C

D

Premature CAD (< 45 male/ female)

Mature CAD (≥ 45 male/ female)

p value

Premature CAD (< 50 male; < 55 female)

Mature CAD (≥ 50 male; ≥ 55 female)

p value

Premature CAD (< 55 males; < 60 females)

Mature CAD (≥ 55 males; ≥ 60 females)

p value

Premature CAD (< 55 male; < 65 female)

Mature CAD (≥ 55 male; ≥ 65 female)

p value

Proportion

2686 (9.2)

26,555 (90.8)

-

6296 (21.5)

22,945 (78.5)

-

11,287 (38.6)

17,954 (61.4)

-

12,258 (41.9)

16,983 (58.1)

-

Age

39.4 ± 4.3

60.1 ± 8.5

 < 0.001

44.4 ± 5.4

61.9 ± 7.6

 < 0.001

48.18 ± 6.109

64.43 ± 6.595

 < 0.001

49.28 ± 6.971

64.56 ± 6.748

 < 0.001

Gender

 Males

2495 (92.9)

21,666 (81.6)

 < 0.001

5160 (82.0)

19,001 (82.8)

0.113

9285 (82.3)

14,876 (82.9)

0.192

9285 (75.7)

14,876 (87.6)

 < 0.001

 Females

191 (7.1)

4889 (18.4)

1136 (18.0)

3944 (17.2)

2002 (17.7)

3078 (17.1)

2973 (24.3)

2107 (12.4)

Smokinga

 Non-smoker

610 (24.9)

10,968 (47.9)

 < 0.001

2020 (35.6)

9558 (48.6)

 < 0.001

3821 (37.9)

7757 (50.9)

 < 0.001

4648 (42.5)

6930 (48.2)

 < 0.001

 Current smoker

1196 (48.9)

5443 (23.8)

2244 (39.6)

4395 (22.4)

3639 (36.1)

3000 (19.7)

3657 (33.4)

2982 (20.7)

Former smoker

642 (26.2)

6470 (28.3)

1406 (24.8)

5706 (29.0)

2628 (26.1)

4484 (29.4)

2643 (24.1)

4469 (31.1)

Hypercholesterolaemiaa

 Yes

1802 (67.8)

19,023 (72.0)

 < 0.001

4365 (69.9)

16,460 (72.1)

0.001

7992 (71.3)

12,833 (71.9)

0.278

8704 (71.5)

12,121 (71.8)

0.587

 No

857 (32.2)

7386 (28.0)

1879 (30.1)

6364 (27.9)

3220 (28.7)

5023 (28.1)

3474 (28.5)

4769 (28.2)

Hypertensiona

 Yes

1486 (55.7)

20,338 (76.8)

 < 0.001

3960 (63.2)

17,864 (78.1)

 < 0.001

7562 (67.3)

14,262 (79.7)

 < 0.001

8416 (68.9)

13,408 (79.2)

 < 0.001

 No

1180 (44.3)

6142 (23.2)

2306 (36.8)

5016 (21.9)

3679 (32.7)

3643 (20.3)

3795 (31.1)

3527 (20.8)

Diabetes mellitusa

 Yes

971 (36.4)

14,322 (54.1)

 < 0.001

2792 (44.6)

12,501 (54.6)

 < 0.001

5354 (47.6)

9939 (55.5)

 < 0.001

6027 (49.3)

9266 (54.7)

 < 0.001

 No

1695 (63.6)

12,154 (45.9)

3475 (55.4)

10,374 (45.4)

5888 (52.4)

7961 (44.5)

6186 (50.7)

7663 (45.3)

Family history of premature CADa

 Yes

616 (25.2)

3922 (16.0)

 < 0.001

1316 (22.8)

3222 (15.2)

 < 0.001

2233 (21.5)

2305 (13.8)

 < 0.001

2386 (21.2)

2152 (13.7)

 < 0.001

 No

1833 (74.8)

20,656 (84.0)

4452 (77.2)

18,037 (84.8)

8149 (78.5)

14,340 (86.2)

8890 (78.8)

13,599 (86.3)

BMIa

 Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2)

20 (0.8)

295 (1.2)

 < 0.001

42 (0.7)

273 (1.3)

 < 0.001

82 (0.8)

233 (1.5)

 < 0.001

90 (0.8)

225 (1.5)

 < 0.001

 Normal (BMI 18.5–29.9 kg/m2)

241 (10.0)

3814 (16.0)

587 (10.4)

3468 (16.9)

1103 (10.9)

2952 (18.4)

1263 (11.5)

2792 (18.4)

 Overweight (BMI 23–24.9 kg/m2)

349 (14.5)

4399 (18.5)

819 (14.5)

3929 (19.1)

1604 (15.8)

3144 (19.6)

1743 (15.8)

3005 (19.8)

 Obese I (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2)

991 (41.3)

10,345 (43.4)

2504 (44.3)

8832 (42.9)

4548 (44.8)

6788 (42.3)

4883 (44.3)

6453 (42.5)

 Obese II (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)

798 (33.3)

4967 (20.9)

1698 (30.1)

4067 (19.8)

2818 (27.7)

2947 (18.3)

3044 (27.6)

2721 (17.9)

 Systolic blood pressure (On medication)a

124.1 ± 20.8

135.8 ± 24.8

 < 0.001

128.5 ± 23.3

136.5 ± 24.8

 < 0.001

130.5 ± 24.1

137.5 ± 24.8

 < 0.001

131.6 ± 24.5

137.1 ± 24.6

 < 0.001

 Diastolic blood pressure (On medication)a

78.7 ± 14.3

76.3 ± 16.4

 < 0.001

79.1 ± 17.5

75.8 ± 15.8

 < 0.001

78.6 ± 15.8

75.2 ± 16.4

 < 0.001

78.32 ± 16.9

75.16 ± 15.6

 < 0.001

 TC [mmol/L] (On medication)a

4.5 (3.7–5.5)

4.20 (3.5–4.9)

 < 0.001

4.4 (3.7–5.3)

4.1 (3.5–4.9)

 < 0.001

4.4 (3.7–5.2)

4.1 (3.5 -4.8)

 < 0.001

4.4 (3.7–5.2)

4.1 (3.5–4.8)

 < 0.001

 LDL-c [mmol/L] (On medication)a

2.6 (2.0–3.4)

2.3 (1.8–2.9)

 < 0.001

2.5 (1.9–3.3)

2.3 (1.7–2.9)

 < 0.001

2.5 (1.9–3.2)

2.2 (1.7–2.9)

 < 0.001

2.4 (1.9–3.2)

2.2 (1.7–2.8)

 < 0.001

History of myocardial infarctiona

 Yes

1605 (60.3)

12,465 (47.3)

 < 0.001

3479 (55.6)

10,591 (46.5)

 < 0.001

6002 (53.6)

8068 (45.3)

 < 0.001

6387 (52.5)

7683 (45.6)

 < 0.001

 No

1058 (39.7)

13,885 (52.7)

2774 (44.4)

12,169 (53.5)

5202 (46.4)

9741 (54.7)

5782 (47.5)

9161 (54.4)

Cerebrovascular diseasea

 Yes

47 (1.8)

697 (2.6)

0.006

110 (1.8)

634 (2.8)

 < 0.001

229 (2.0)

515 (2.9)

 < 0.001

251 (2.1)

493 (2.9)

 < 0.001

 No

2631 (98.2)

25,807 (97.4)

6172 (98.2)

22,266 (97.2)

11,031 (98.0)

17,407 (97.1)

11,980 (97.9)

16,458 (97.1)

Peripheral vascular diseasea

 Yes

8 (0.3)

244 (0.9)

0.001

25 (0.4)

227 (1.0)

 < 0.001

54 (0.5)

198 (1.1)

 < 0.001

65 (0.5)

187 (1.1)

 < 0.001

 No

2670 (99.7)

26,260 (99.1)

6257 (99.6)

22,673 (99.0)

11,207 (99.5)

17,723 (98.9)

12,167 (99.5)

16,763 (98.9)

Chronic kidney diseasea

 Yes

66 (2.5)

1901 (7.2)

 < 0.001

236 (3.8)

1731 (7.6)

 < 0.001

537 (4.8)

1430 (8.0)

 < 0.001

627 (5.1)

1340 (7.9)

 < 0.001

 No

2613 (97.5)

24,620 (92.8)

6047 (96.2)

21,186 (92.4)

10,729 (95.2)

16,504 (92.0)

11,610 (94.9)

15,623 (92.1)

  1. Values are presented as mean ± SD, or median and interquartile range (IQR) or n (percentage).
  2. CAD coronary artery disease, BMI body-mass index, TC total cholesterol, LDL-c low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  3. *Mann Whitney test.
  4. aPatients with no data was excluded from the analysis.
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