Table 3 Operating conditions of HL converter.

From: Evaluation and deployment of a unified MPPT controller for hybrid Luo converter in combined PV and wind energy systems

Condition

Switch position

Diode operation

Inductor charge and discharge

S1

S2

D1

D2

D3

D4

L1

L2

1

Closed

Closed

FCS

RBS

FCS

RBS

VW

VPV

2

Closed

Open

FCS

RBS

RBS

FCS

VW

Capacitor, C1

3

Open

Closed

RBS

FCS

FCS

RBS

Capacitor, C1

VPV

4

Open

Open

RBS

FCS

RBS

FCS

Capacitor, C1

Capacitor, C1

  1. FCS forward conduction state, RBS reverse blocking state.