Table 2 Subjective measures of sleep quality—validated questionnaires.
B. longum 1714 | Placebo | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | ||
PSQI global score | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 5.7 ± 2.2 | 45 | 5.8 ± 2.8 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 4.6 ± 2.3 | 43 | 4.6 ± 1.7 | 0.75 |
Week 8 | 42 | 4.0 ± 1.9 | 41 | 4.3 ± 2.0 | 0.64 |
Sleep quality (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 45 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 43 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.01 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 41 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.09 |
Daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 45 | 0.9 ± 0.7 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 43 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.04 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 41 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.25 |
Sleep duration (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 45 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 43 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.44 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 41 | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.63 |
Sleep disturbance (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 45 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 43 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.24 |
Week 8 | 42 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 41 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.08 |
Sleep medication (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 45 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 43 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.18 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 41 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | 0.18 |
Sleep latency (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 45 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 43 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.61 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 41 | 0.8 ± 0.8 | 0.91 |
Sleep efficiency (PSQI) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 45 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | |
Week 4 | 42 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 43 | 0.3 ± 0.5 | 0.24 |
Week 8 | 42 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 41 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.36 |
Daytime sleepiness (ESS) | |||||
Baseline | 44 | 3.4 ± 2.8 | 45 | 3.7 ± 3.1 | |
Week 4 | 43 | 3.3 ± 3.0 | 44 | 3.5 ± 3.2 | 0.84 |
Week 8 | 42 | 3.7 ± 3.6 | 41 | 3.7 ± 3.0 | 0.78 |
