Table 1 Most recent studies on the EKC in South Asia.
Authors | Context | Period | Methods | Key findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Murshed et al.57 | South Asia | 1972–2014 | Panel data analysis | EG and EX affect CO2 |
Majumdar et al.58 | South Asia | 1972–2015 | Quantile regression | EN affects CO2 |
Khan et al.59 | South Asia | 1972–2017 | FMOLS | Bidirectional causality between EGU and EG. Causality between CO2 emissions and GDP |
Lau et al.60 | ASEAN | 2000–2020 | Systematic review | Mixed |
Sadiq et al.23 | South Asia | 1972–2019 | FMOLS | EKC validated |
Amin et al.61 | South Asia | 1998–2019 | Panel data analysis | FI, GDP, and FDI affect CO2 |
Tan et al.22 | Southeast and South Asia | 2013–2019 | Binomial regression | EKC validated |
Mehmood et al.20 | South Asia | 1995–2014 | ARDL | Mixed |
Reza et al.62 | South Asia | 1995–2018 | FMOLS and DOLS | Mixed |
Sharma et al.63 | South Asia | 1990–2016 | CS-ARDL | SMT and income affect CO2 |
Murshed and Dao19 | South Asia | 1995–2015 | Panel data analysis | IT, RET, EG, and FDI affect EF |
Jingpeng et al.64 | South Asia | 1980–2019 | Quantile and non-parametric causality | Mixed |
Fong et al.65 | Southeast Asia | 1993–2012 | Spatial regression | EKC validated |
Sattar et al.66 | South Asia | 2004–2019 | FMOLS | CODI affect CO2 |
Hanif et al.67 | ASEAN | 1995–2020 | Cointegration analysis | NRE and GL affect CO2 |
Rahman and Alam68 | Asia–Pacific | 1960–2020 | Driscoll and Kraay’s standard error and PCSE | Mixed |
Wangzhou et al.69 | 5 High emitters in Asia | 1995–2019 | Panel-NARDL-AMG | TO affects CO2 |
Sampene et al.70 | South Asia | 1990–2017 | CS-ARDL and Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality | Mixed |
Rahman et al.14 | South Asia | 1990–2017 | panel cointegration | Mixed |
