Table 1 Phenol and BPA adsorption kinetics onto KOH-SSAC (0.4 g/L) at pH of 6.0 and 298 K ± 2.

From: Insights into kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms of chemically activated sunflower stem biochar for removal of phenol and bisphenol-A from wastewater

Pollutants

Initial concentration, mg/L

qe th., mg/g

Pseudo-first order

\({q}_{t}={q}_{e}(1-{e}^{-k_{1}t})\)

Pseudo-second order

\({q}_{t} = \frac{{k}_{2}q_e^2t}{1+{k}_{2}{q}_{e}t}\)

qe, Cal., mg/g

k1

R2

qe, Cal., mg/g

k2

R2

Phenol

10

25.58

24.49

0.239

0.970

26.5

0.015

0.992

20

45.25

43.38

0.254

0.966

46.89

0.009

0.989

40

85.35

81.43

0.211

0.953

89.20

0.003

0.991

60

120.98

109.88

0.177

0.982

121.52

0.002

0.996

80

143.65

132.43

0.194

0.984

144.86

0.002

0.994

100

166.93

152.45

0.186

0.977

167.25

0.001

0.990

BPA

10

26.23

22.98

0.365

0.985

27.06

0.033

0.998

20

50.28

47.76

0.334

0.984

52.20

0.014

0.997

40

93.45

90.60

0.361

0.988

94.98

0.008

0.996

60

123.56

121.56

0.371

0.986

126.72

0.007

0.998

80

152.65

144.25

0.272

0.991

153.67

0.003

0.996

100

179.65

167.38

0.193

0.981

182.76

0.0017

0.998

  1. k1 (per min) and k2 (g/mg·min) are the rate constants; t: time (min).