Table 3 Comparison of DTT activity during the winter months in the region.

From: The Impact of Russia-Ukraine geopolitical conflict on the air quality and toxicological properties of ambient PM2.5 in Milan, Italy

Study

Year

Samples

DTT nmol/(min m3)

Current study

2023

PM2.5

1.64 ± 0.11

Current study

2022

PM2.5

0.78 ± 0.03

Altuwayjiri et al.82

2020

PM2.5

0.73 ± 0.13

Simonetti et al.91

2017

PM10

0.07 ± 0.01

Pietrogrande et al.16

2020

PM10

0.62 ± 0.15

Pietrogrande et al.67

2020

PM10

0.39 ± 0.15

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