Table 1 Baseline features of the included refractory IgAN patients.

Patient	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Age, years	33	24	41	50	60	41	71
Gender	Male	Female	Male	Male	Male	Male	Male
Body mass index, m/Kg²	22	24	24	27	40	26	32
Smoking status	No	No	No	Sporadic	No	No	No
Comorbidities	None	IBS	None	None	Hashimoto thyroiditis	No	Pemphigus, cutaneous psoriasis, gout
Time from RB to PRC + SCK, months	37	83	37	74	54	15	25
Cr at RB, mg/dL	1.5	0.6	1.7	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.7
eGFR* at RB,	58	132	48	95	61	76	40
eGFR* at the onset of PRC,	33	120	42	83	49	71	32
Months on PRC before adding SCK	6	12	10	7	14	13	6
Treatment before PRC + SCK	ENA, MMF, PRD	ENA, PRD, TAC	MMF, PRD, VAL	ENA, PRD, TAC	IRB, MMF, PRD	ENA, MMF PRD, TAC	MMF, OLM, PRD
Oxford classification	M1, E0, S1, T1-2, C0	M1, E0, S0, T0, C1	M1, E0, S1, T1, C0	M1, E0, S0, T0, C0	M1, E0, S1, T0, C0	M1, E1, S0, T1, C1	M1, E0, S1, T1, C0
At the onset of PRC + SCK
eGFR*	32	107	34	73	44	58	33
Cr, mg/dL	2.5	0.7	2.3	1.1	1.7	1.4	2.0
24 h collected proteinuria, g	2.5	3.3	4.2	3.6	4.2	3.2	5.1
Hematuria (RBC/HPF)	5	4	2	30	100	3	3

C, crescents; D, disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ENA, enalapril; IRB, irbesartan; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; OLM, olmesartan, PRC, paricalcitol; PRD, prednisone; RBC/HPF, red blood cell per high-power field; RB, renal biopsy; SCK, secukinumab; TAC, tacrolimus extended-release tablets; VAL, valsartan. *, mL/min/1.73 m². Oxford classification: (1) Mesangial hypercellularity (M0/1): 50% of the mesangial area with more than three cells is M1; (2) endocapillary hypercellularity (E0/1): absent or present; (3) segmental glomerulosclerosis (S0/1): absent or present; (4) tubular atrophy or interstitial fibrosis (T0/1/2): < 25% is T0, > 25–50% is T1, > 50% is T2; (5) cellular or fibrocellular crescent (C0/1/2): C0 for no crescent, C1 for < 25%, and C2 for > 25%.

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