Figure 10

SEM images for the entanglement of pores increases with excess of cement kiln dust (a and b), Identical composition of calcium-rich geopolymer in geopolymer samples prepared from metakaolin replaced with cement kiln dust (c), the EDX of calcium-rich geopolymer in geopolymer samples prepared from metakaolin replaced with cement kiln dust (d), SEM images show large pores with a diameter of more than 200 μm in the geopolymer sample prepared from alumina-substituted metakaolin (e), many metakaolin residues with phyllosilicates in a geopolymer sample prepared from alumina-substituted metakaolin (f), and numerous large pores in the geopolymer sample prepared from metakaolin replaced with silica earth (g, h), and the silica fume balls embedded in the microstructure in a geopolymer sample prepared from metakaolin replaced with silica dust (i).