Figure 1

Nanoparticle characterization. (a) TEM and SEM images depicting FITC-SiO2-NH2 and FITC-SiO2-COOH NPs. (b) Raman and (c) FTIR spectra of SiO2-COOH NPs (magenta line), FITC (green line), FITC-SiO2-COOH NPs (orange line), and FITC-SiO2-NH2 NPs (violet line). UV–Vis spectra (d) and their corresponding normalized fluorescent spectra (excitation 480 nm) (e) of free FITC (green line), FITC conjugated with APTES in ethanol (olive line), FITC-conjugated IgG (magenta line) and FITC-SiO2-COOH NPs (orange line), and FITC-SiO2-NH2 NPs (violet line) in water. Zeta potential values (f) and poly index dispersion values (g) of FITC-SiO2-COOH NPs at different pH values. HD hydrodynamic diameter.