Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants across tertiles of intake of red and processed meat (n = 635).
Variable1 | Tertile 1 (n = 208) | Tertile 2 (n = 221) | Tertile 3 (n = 206) | P-value | P-trend | Comparison group2 | Post hoc (P) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 28.64 ± 5.04 | 28.81 5.28 | 28.79 4.79 | 0.929 | 0.665 | ||
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 24.73 4.53 | 25.30 4.27 | 25.07 4.45 | 0.413 | 0.478 | ||
Weight gain during current pregnancy (kg) | 13.21 4.76 | 13.38 4.67 | 13.95 5.45 | 0.283 | 0.593 | ||
Having job with income (%) | 0.948 | ||||||
Yes | 60 (28.3) | 58 (27.2) | 60 (28.6) | ||||
No | 152 (71.7) | 155 (72.8) | 150 (71.4) | ||||
University graduate (%) | < 0.001 | ||||||
Yes | 5 (2.3) | 6 (2.6) | 19 (8.9) | T1 VS Yes | .05743 | ||
No | 211 (97.7) | 222 (97.4) | 195 (91.1) | T2 VS Yes | .08913 | ||
T3 VS Yes | .00022 | ||||||
T1 VS No | .05743 | ||||||
T2 VS No | .08913 | ||||||
T3 VS No | .00022 | ||||||
Physical activity | 0.091 | ||||||
Low (%) | 172 (81.1) | 157 (73.7) | 153 (72.9) | ||||
Moderate (%) | 40 (18.9) | 56 (23.3) | 57 (27.1) | ||||
History of CVD (%) | 0.356 | ||||||
Yes | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 4 (1.9) | ||||
No | 211 (99.5) | 211 (99.1) | 206 (98.1) | ||||
History of hypertension (%) | 0.304 | ||||||
Yes | 6 (2.8) | 2 (0.9) | 6 (2.9) | ||||
No | 206 (97.2) | 211 (99.1) | 204 (97.1) | ||||
History of hypothyroidism (%) | 0.563 | ||||||
Yes | 33 (15.6) | 37 (17.4) | 41 (19.5) | ||||
No | 179 (84.4) | 176 (82.6) | 169 (80.5) | ||||
History of hyperthyroidism (%) | 0.372 | ||||||
Yes | 2 (0.9) | 4 (1.9) | 4 (0.5) | ||||
No | 210 (99.1) | 209 (98.1) | 209 (99.5) | ||||
History of pregnancy hypertension (%) | |||||||
Yes | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||||
No | 212 (100) | 213 (10) | 210 (100) | ||||
Order of pregnancy (≥ 3, %) | 44 (20.7) | 54 (25.3) | 25 (12) | 0.028 | |||
Nausea during current pregnancy (%) | 0.21 | ||||||
Yes | 124 (58.5) | 99 (46.5) | 99 (47.5) | ||||
No | 88 (41.5) | 114 (53.5) | 111 (52.9) | ||||
Multivitamin use during current pregnancy (%) | 0.009 | ||||||
Yes | 15 (7.1) | 21 (9.9) | 34 (16.2) | T1 VS Yes | .54851 | ||
No | 197 (92.9) | 192 (90.1) | 176 (83.8) | T2 VS Yes | .01242 | ||
T3 VS Yes | .00270 | ||||||
T1 VS No | .54851 | ||||||
T2 VS No | .01242 | ||||||
T3 VS No | .00270 | ||||||
