Table 1 Fluorescence parameters derived from PAM fluorometry, including equations for minimum (F0) and maximum (Fm) fluorescence yields, apparent (Fs) and maximum (Fm′) fluorescence values, irradiance (I) and empirical absorption factor (AF = 0.84). Further details can be found in the cited literature.

From: Vertical optical complexity shaped by submerged macrophytes

Parameter

Name

Equation

References

Fv/Fm

Maximum quantum efficiency of PSII

(Fm − F0)/Fm

31

qP

Photochemical quenching

(Fm′ − Fs)/(Fm′ − F0′)

19

qN

Non-photochemical quenching

1 − (Fm′ − F0′)/(Fm − F0)

19

ETR

Electron transport rate

(Fm′ − Fs)/(Fm′)IAF·0.5

30

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