Table 7 Robustness tests results.

From: A dynamic panel threshold model analysis on heterogeneous environmental regulation, R&D investment, and enterprise green total factor productivity

 

Sample reduction

GTFP One-period Lagging

GTFP (CER)

GTFP (MER)

GTFP (VER)

GTFP (CER)

GTFP (MER)

GTFP (VER)

RD < r1

0.0052

(0.98)

− 0.0436***

(− 4.40)

− 0.0095***

(− 3.72)

0.0076

(1.46)

0.0167

(1.50)

0.0064

(2.20)

r1 ≤ RD < r2

0.0089*

(0.98)

− 0.0131

(− 1.34)

− 0.0064**

(− 2.51)

0.0016

(0.31)

− 

0.0035

(1.19)

RD ≥ r2

0.0153***

(2.92)

0.0394***

(2.47)

− 0.0020

(− 0.73)

− 0.0048

(− 0.88)

− 0.0324***

(− 2.85)

0.0000

(0.00)

DL

0.0112***

(4.72)

0.0101***

(4.21)

0.0119***

(5.02)

0.0061*

(1.88)

0.0055*

(1.71)

0.0059*

(1.85)

ROA

− 0.0045***

(− 4.80)

− 0.0045***

(− 4.79)

− 0.0045**

(− 4.81)

0.0008*

(1.81)

0.0008*

(1.85)

0.0008*

(1.86)

ROE

0.0006

(1.44)

0.0005

(1.38)

0.0006

(1.46)

− 0.0000

(− 0.80)

− 0.0000

(− 0.90)

− 0.0000

(− 0.88)

ROL

− 0.0003

(− 1.49)

− 0.0003

(− 1.28)

− 0.0003

(− 1.47)

0.0000

(0.51)

− 0.0000**

(− 2.38)

0.0000

(0.53)

Scale

− 0.0597***

(− 12.79)

− 0.0597***

(− 12.95)

− 0.0586***

(− 12.59)

− 0.0149**

(− 2.18)

− 0.0163**

(− 2.38)

− 0.0161**

(− 2.34)

cons

1.9806***

(20.09)

2.0466***

(20.90)

2.0671***

(21.43)

0.9827***

(6.44)

1.0461***

(6.98)

1.0124***

(6.87)

R2

0.0428

0.0435

0.0439

0.0098

0.0081

0.0094

F

42.16***

44.19***

45.48***

9.80***

8.16***

8.68***

  1. ***, ** and * indicate the statistical significance of 1%, 5% and 10% respectively.
Back to article page