Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Patient-specific, deliverable, and self-expandable surgical guide development and evaluation using 4D printing for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy

Figure 3

The designed kidney phantom mold and 4D-printed kidney surgical guide (4DP-KSG). (A) The assembled kidney molds. (B) The kidney phantom model and measurements for fabrication accuracy evaluation: (a) tumor height, (b) tumor width, (c) parenchyma height, and (d) parenchyma width. (C) The assembled 4DP-KSG on the kidney phantom with outlined tumor (pink), safety margin (red), and measurements for shape accuracy evaluation: (e) resection line height, (f) resection line width, (g) 4DP-KSG height, and (h) 4DP-KSG width.

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