Figure 2

Machine learning of cardiovascular risk factors including the platelet lipidome facilitates sub-phenotyping of CAD patients. (A) Medoid clustering with the corresponding standardized level (z scores) of the feature risk variables (LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; triglycerides; HbA1c; LPE, lysophosphatidylethanolamines; CAR, acylcarnitines; platelet aggregation). Remarkably, patients summarized in cluster 5 mainly showed aberrant platelet function and enhanced platelet CAR concentrations, whereas cluster 6 was exclusively characterized by increased LPE concentrations. (B) Number of patients with CAD by cluster according to conventional risk parameter with color indicating cut-off values of individual measurements. In addition, alongside median platelet LPE and CAR concentrations, median area under the curve (AUC) from merged collagen-, arachidonic acid-, adenosine diphosphate-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was depicted by cluster to identify patients with platelet hyperreactivity and aberrant platelet lipid signatures. Error bars were constructed based on interquartile range (IQR).