Table 2 Analysis of factors influencing the variability in risk factors for diabetes mellitus.

From: The association between variability of risk factors and complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study

Variable

UA-SD

TG-SD

TC-SD

HDL-SD

LDL-SD

Mean (SD)

Med (IQR)

Effect size

Mean (SD)

Med (IQR)

Effect size

Mean (SD)

Med (IQR)

Effect size

Mean (SD)

Med (IQR)

Effect size

Mean (SD)

Med (IQR)

Effect size

Sex

  

2.05

  

− 0.66

  

− 1.03

  

− 3.35

  

− 0.86

 Male

50.84 ± 31.11

44.41(32.40,59.69)

P = 0.041

0.84 ± 1.48

0.32(0.20,0.74)

P = 0.509

0.59 ± 0.36

0.55(0.35,0.76)

P = 0.302

0.47 ± 4.46

0.13(0.09,0.16)

P < 0.001

0.52 ± 0.61

0.47(0.30,0.62)

P = 0.389

 Female

44.29 ± 30.05

35.75(25.79,53.41)

0.73 ± 1.72

0.34(0.20,0.58)

0.64 ± 0.50

0.54(0.38,0.78)

0.17 ± 0.10

0.14(0.11,0.19)

0.53 ± 0.35

0.47(0.30,0.68)

Age, years

  

− 0.45

  

− 2.88

  

2.37

  

− 1.41

  

− 1.45

 ≤ 60

46.92 ± 25.06

40.69(30.20,56.67)

P = 0.652

0.98 ± 1.63

0.36(0.20,0.88)

P = 0.004

0.67 ± 0.54

0.59(0.39,0.82)

P = 0.019

0.15 ± 0.09

0.13(0.09,0.17)

P = 0.158

0.57 ± 0.65

0.48(0.29,0.67)

P = 0.146

 > 60

48.37 ± 35.14

40.52(28.15,54.76)

0.61 ± 1.55

0.29(0.19,0.55)

0.56 ± 0.30

0.51(0.35,0.74)

0.48 ± 4.42

0.14(0.10,0.17)

0.49 ± 0.29

0.42(0.30,0.61)

OSDM

  

− 1.45

  

− 1.60

  

− 1.64

  

− 2.01

  

− 1.17

 Yes

46.04 ± 28.53

39.95(29.36,54.66)

P = 0.149

0.63 ± 1.04

0.32(0.20,0.60)

P = 0.110

0.59 ± 0.37

0.54(0.37,0.72)

P = 0.104

0.40 ± 3.82

0.14(0.10,0.18)

P = 0.044

0.49 ± 0.29

0.47(0.30,0.63)

P = 0.244

 No

51.56 ± 35.25

43.31(29.07,64.82)

1.15 ± 2.42

0.35(0.20,0.85)

0.68 ± 0.55

0.58(0.33,0.89)

0.14 ± 0.08

0.13(0.09,0.17)

0.61 ± 0.79

0.49(0.31,0.71)

Follow-up

  

9.97

  

7.36

  

1.07

  

5.38

  

5.91

 1–3 years

37.14 ± 23.24a,b

31.98(22.62,48.35)

P < 0.001

0.74 ± 1.46

0.26(0.16,0.59)c

P = 0.025

0.57 ± 0.38

0.53(0.28,0.78)

P = 0.345

0.15 ± 0.10

0.13(0.09,0.17)

P = 0.068

0.46 ± 0.27

0.42(0.23,0.64)

P = 0.052

 4–6 years

51.44 ± 34.55a

40.73(31.60,63.66)

0.76 ± 1.91

0.34(0.20,0.60)

0.62 ± 0.48

0.53(0.38,0.74)

0.14 ± 0.07

0.13(0.10,0.18

0.51 ± 0.27

0.46(0.31,0.64)

 ≥ 7 years

52.88 ± 30.51b

45.86(36.08,61.88)

0.84 ± 1.38

0.36(0.23,0.72)c

0.65 ± 0.44

0.58(0.41,0.78)

0.64 ± 5.31

0.14(0.11,0.17)

0.60 ± 0.74

0.48(0.34,0.67)

  1. Type of effect size for UA-SD and TC-SD: independent samples t-test for Sex, Age, OSDM; one-way ANOVA for Follow-up time.
  2. Type of effect size for TG-SD, HDL-SD, and LDL-SD: sex, age, and OSDM using Mann–Whitney U test; Follow-up time using Kruskal–Wallis test.
  3. OSDM outpatient special disease management, UA-SD uric acid standard deviation, TG-SD triglyceride standard deviation, TC-SD total cholesterol standard deviation, HDL-SD high-density lipoprotein standard deviation, LDL-SD low-density lipoprotein standard deviation.
  4. aThere was a between group difference between 1–3 and 4–6 years of follow-up.
  5. bThere were between group difference at 1–3 years and ≥ 7 years of follow-up.
  6. cThere were between group difference at 1–3 years and ≥ 7 years of follow-up.
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