Table 3 Drug groups prescribed significantly more often in CKD patients with constipation.
2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drug groups | OR (95% CI) | Drug groups | OR (95% CI) | Drug groups | OR (95% CI) | Drug groups | OR (95% CI) | Drug groups | OR (95% CI) | Drug groups | OR (95% CI) |
Antipsychotics | 3.18 (2.29–4.43) | Antipsychotics | 2.80 (2.06–3.81) | Antipsychotics | 2.77 (2.05–3.75) | Antipsychotics | 3.21 (2.37–4.36) | Antipsychotics | 3.04 (2.34–3.97) | Cough suppressants | 2.51 (1.73–3.65) |
Antiparkinson drugs | 2.37 (1.67–3.39) | Hypnotics and sedatives | 2.56 (2.14–3.05) | Hypnotics and sedatives | 2.23 (1.87–2.65) | Antiparkinson drugs | 2.18 (1.58–3.02) | Antiepileptics | 2.21 (1.87–2.61) | Antipsychotics | 2.22 (1.76–2.79) |
Antiepileptics | 2.15 (1.74–2.67) | Cough suppressants | 2.34 (1.57–3.51) | Antidepressants | 2.14 (1.80–2.53) | Antiepileptics | 2.09 (1.75–2.50) | Hypnotics and sedatives | 2.10 (1.78–2.46) | Hypnotics and sedatives | 1.93 (1.66–2.25) |
Hypnotics and sedatives | 1.96 (1.62–2.37) | Antidepressants | 2.18 (1.82–2.60) | Anti-dementia drugs | 2.12 (1.60–2.79) | Hypnotics and sedatives | 1.96 (1.65–2.33) | Loop diuretics | 1.95 (1.74–2.20) | Antiepileptics | 1.88 (1.59–2.21) |
Potassium-sparing agents | 1.85 (1.41–2.42) | Drugs used in BPH | 2.13 (1.78–2.56) | Antiepileptics | 1.93 (1.60–2.33) | Loop diuretics | 1.95 (1.72–2.21) | Antidepressants | 1.93 (1.65–2.26) | Loop diuretics | 1.82 (1.62–2.04) |
Antidepressants | 1.84 (1.53–2.21) | Antiepileptics | 2.07 (1.68–2.55) | Drugs used in BPH | 1.93 (1.63–2.29) | Drugs used in BPH | 1.87 (1.59–2.19) | Drugs used in BPH | 1.89 (1.62–2.20) | Anti-dementia drugs | 1.71 (1.38–2.11) |
Drugs for acid-related disorders | 1.80 (1.59–2.04) | Anxiolytics | 1.90 (1.64–2.20) | Anxiolytics | 1.90 (1.64–2.19) | Anti-dementia drugs | 1.87 (1.43–2.43) | Vasodilators | 1.77 (1.49–2.12) | Anxiolytics | 1.65 (1.44–1.88) |
Drugs used in BPH | 1.76 (1.45–2.14) | Vasodilators | 1.82 (1.48–2.24) | Potassium-sparing agents | 1.84 (1.43–2.37) | Antidepressants | 1.77 (1.49–2.10) | Anti-dementia drugs | 1.75 (1.40–2.17) | Drugs used in BPH | 1.60 (1.39–1.85) |
Loop diuretics | 1.70 (1.48–1.95) | Opioids | 1.75 (1.55–1.97) | Drugs for acid-related disorders | 1.82 (1.63–2.03) | Anxiolytics | 1.74 (1.52–2.01) | Anxiolytics | 1.74 (1.52–1.99) | Vasodilators | 1.58 (1.31–1.89) |
Opioids | 1.55 (1.36–1.76) | Loop diuretics | 1.70 (1.48–1.94) | Loop diuretics | 1.77 (1.55–2.01) | Drugs for acid-related disorders | 1.70 (1.53–1.89) | Drugs for acid-related disorders | 1.72 (1.56–1.90) | Antidepressants | 1.48 (1.27–1.73) |
