Table 1 Summary of demographic, cardiorespiratory, mood, and global imaging study measures for 10 participants scanned before and after COVID-19 infection.

		Pre-COVID-19	Post-COVID-19	Group differences
Age (years)	Mean age at study visit	27.4 ± 6.1	29.9 ± 6.6
Cardiorespiratory metrics
	Core body temperature (°C)	36.63 ± 0.18	36.67 ± 0.31	t(9) = 0.25, p = 0.40
	Heart rate (bpm)	79.5 ± 13.3	79.7 ± 11.4	t(9) = 0.05, p = 0.48
	Blood pressure, systolic	127.5 ± 13.6	121.2 ± 15.5	t(9) = 1.48, p = 0.09
	Blood pressure, diastolic	74.7 ± 8.2	74.9 ± 6.8	t(9) = 0.16, p = 0.44
Mood metrics
Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HADS)	HADS, depression subscale	2.4 ± 2.4	2.7 ± 2.2	t(9) = 0.47, p = 0.32
Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HADS)	HADS, anxiety subscale	6.0 ± 2.1	7.3 ± 3.2	t(9) = 1.5, p = 0.08
Profile of Mood States (POMS)	Tension-anxiety	7.0 ± 5.1	11.9 ± 4.3	t(9) = 3.32, p = 0.004
	Anger-hostility	5.6 ± 4.6	5.9 ± 3.6	t(9) = 0.26, p = 0.40
	Depression-dejection	4.9 ± 3.3	5.1 ± 3.5	t(9) = 0.16, p = 0.44
	Vigor-activity	19.2 ± 5.9	13.9 ± 6.2	t(9) = 3.12, p = 0.006
	Confusion-bewilderment	4.9 ± 2.7	7.0 ± 3.4	t(9) = 1.62, p = 0.07
	Fatigue-inertia	7.6 ± 4.6	10.1 ± 4.1	t(9) = 1.57, p = 0.08
	Total mood disturbance (TMD)	10.8 ± 20.6	26.1 ± 9.7	t(9) = 2.29, p = 0.02
Neuroimaging metrics
Global (whole brain)	TIV (cm³)	1490.1 ± 173.5	1477.9 ± 169.0	t(9) = 0.29, p = 0.39
	T_CRE (°C)	35.70 ± 0.31	35.91 ± 0.31	t(9) = 1.55, p = 0.08
	FISO	0.12 ± 0.12	0.15 ± 0.03	t(9) = 2.13, p = 0.03
	FICVF	0.39 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	t(9) = 0.95, p = 0.18
	ODI	0.39 ± 0.05	0.39 ± 0.02	t(9) = 0.14, p = 0.05

Pre-COVID-19 data were collected twice, 12-weeks apart. Post-COVID-19 data were collected after resolution of infective period.
Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation. For each study measure, participants’ pre-COVID-19 data represent the mean of data collected at two timepoints before COVID-19 infection. Core body temperature was measured using a tympanic thermometer. The mean and SD for global imaging metrics were calculated across all brain regions for each set of three-dimensional spatial maps. Total intracranial volume (TIV) Brain temperature was derived from MRSI-t data, and brain morphometric measures were calculated from structural MRI images.
bpm beats per minute, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, POMS Profile of Mood States, TMD Total Mood Disturbance composite score on the POMS, TIV total intracranial volume, MRSI-t volumetric magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and thermometry, CRE creatine, T_CRE brain temperature measured by MRSI-t with CRE as the reference metabolite, FISO fractional isotropic volume fraction, ODI orientation dispersion index, FICVF fractional intracellular volume fraction, GMV grey matter volume, olf olfactory, AON anterior olfactory nucleus, L left, R right.
Significant values are in bold.

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