Figure 4

PICRUSt predicted KEGG function between the groups. Error bar plots for two-group analysis comparisons of PICRUSt-predicted KEGG function data using Welch's t-test for the two groups based on (A) saliva from patients and salivary stones. A bar graph with expanded error bars was used to compare the two groups, and only predicted functions with P < 0.05 are displayed. The bar plots on the left show the average proportion of each KEGG pathway, whereas the dotted plots on the right show the differences in the average proportions between the two groups. (B) Venn diagram showing the overall overlap of the KEGG pathways identified using PICRUSt. Significant differences were observed in 8, 26, and 28 KEGG pathways, respectively, between saliva from healthy individuals and patients, saliva from healthy individuals and salivary stones, and saliva from patients and salivary stones. (C) Principal component analysis (PCA) of the predicted functional features based on the KEGG pathways using PICRUSt. Permission has been obtained from Kanehisa laboratories for using KEGG pathway database¹⁵.