Table 2 Comparisons of the change of regional lumbar spinal alignments by posture between male and female subjects.

From: Gender differences in spinal mobility during postural changes: a detailed analysis using upright CT

Variables

Standing

Sitting

delta value

Reduction rate

P-value

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male (%)

Female (%)

p1

p2

p3

p4

LL (°)

Young

38.2 (32.2, 45.2)

46.8 (38.9, 50.5)

4.3 (− 8.6, 7..7)

2.7 (− 7.4, 19.3)

− 42.9 (− 46.0, − 33.8)

− 48.6 (− 52.5, − 34.0)

− 90.9 (− 82.9, − 120.4)

− 95.8 (− 59.3, − 116.6)

0.04*

0.25

0.1

0.55

Elderly

42.8 (28.9, 50.5)

44.4 (37.9, 60.1)

19.4 (10.5, 23.0)

7.1 (− 4.6, 32.8)

− 18.7 (− 29.5, − 11.9)

− 37.3 (− 42.5, − 20.9)

− 53.0 (− 29.0, − 75.6)

− 84.0 (− 53.9, − 112.1)

0.17

0.16

0.1

0.01*

Whole

40.4 (29.0, 47.1)

46.6 (37.3, 54.3)

7.7 (0.5, 18.3)

4.4 (− 6.5, 20.9)

− 31.2 (− 42.9, − 17.0)

− 40.5 (− 49.5, − 26.6)

− 80.2 (− 48.1, 98.3)

− 91.4 (58.0, 115.4)

0.03*

0.61

0.06

0.05

SS (°)

Young

29.0 (26.1, 32.7)

35.7 (30.6, 36.8)

5.6 (4.2, 14.6)

9.6 (3.6, 19.4)

− 23.9 (− 27.8, − 15.7)

− 30.4 (− 34.6, − 18.1)

− 78.9 (− 56.4, 86.0)

− 79.3 (− 52.4, − 89.7)

0.06

0.41

0.11

0.41

Elderly

33.0 (23.2, 37.4)

30.8 (28.3, 39.0)

22.3 (16.7, 25.4)

8.5 (0.1, 23.7)

− 10.1 (− 13.7, 2.7)

− 24.8 (− 28.8, − 10.9)

− 28.8 (− 1.7, − 50.2)

− 74.3 (− 51.5, − 96.4)

0.29

0.08

0.04*

0.06

Whole

29.5 (23.2, 35.0)

33.5 (28.5, 38.3)

14.6 (5.6, 21.6)

9.1 (2.4, 20.8)

− 15.2 (− 25.5, − 7.7)

− 26.4 (− 30.9, − 15.5)

− 56.4 (23.7, 81.0)

− 76.1 (50.2, 92.4)

0.07

0.15

0.04*

0.17

PT (°)

Young

10.7 (5.5, 15.6)

11.8 (11.1, 15.1)

34.7 (28.9, 37.0)

44.1 (35.2, 51.4)

24.4 (17.2, 31.0)

33.0 (20.7, 37.7)

231.9 (136.5, 312.7)

267.6 (208.8, 326.2)

0.19

0.08

0.09

0.63

Elderly

15.3 (14.0, 20.9)

16.6 (13.6, 20.9)

29.0 (21.8, 33.2)

42.3 (28.2, 51.3)

12.7 (0.6, 15.7)

25.7 (10.8, 30.4)

82.1 (10.9, 126.0)

133.1 (56.9, 174.1)

0.39

0.02*

0.04*

0.06

Whole

14.4 (9.5, 17.7)

14.4 (11.2, 17.7)

30.6 (23.9, 36.8)

43.2 (33.1, 51.9)

16.2 (9.8, 28.39

28.7 (15.5, 33.1)

136.5 (69.8, 231.9)

178.4 (97.7, 262.6)

0.23

0.01*

0.04*

0.2

PI (°)

Young

39.8 (33.4, 43.4)

43.1 (41.1, 52.4)

40.3 (33.7, 45.3)

48.8 (44.2, 55.9)

2.5 (0.8, 3.1)

2.4 (1.7, 4.5)

6.4 (2.2, 8.1)

6.0 (4.4, 9.3)

0.06

0.04*

0.49

0.35

Elderly

41.5 (34.8, 43.6)

49.7 (43.3, 56.1)

49.5 (42.9, 58.5)

51.3 (46.7, 57.1)

1.3 (0.6, 3.2)

1.1 (0.7, 2.8)

2.7 (1.2, 7.3)

2.2 (1.5, 4.6)

0.27

0.25

0.78

0.31

Whole

42.3 (36.5, 48.9)

47.7 (41.1, 55.5)

45.1 (37.3, 50.4)

50.5 (44.7, 57.0)

2.3 (0.7, 3.1)

1.9 (0.8, 3.5)

4.1 (1.3, 8.0)

4.3 (1.7, 7.8)

0.05*

0.04*

0.79

0.31

  1. Median. 1st–3rd quartile in parentheses. *Indicates statistically significant. P1 indicates the comparisons of the values between males and females during standing. P2 indicates the comparisons of the values between males and females during sitting. P3 indicates the comparisons between the delta value of males and females. P4 indicates the comparisons between the reduction rate of males and females.
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