Table 3 Comparisons of the change of intervertebral disc angle by posture between male and female subjects.
From: Gender differences in spinal mobility during postural changes: a detailed analysis using upright CT
Variables | Standing | Sitting | Delta value | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | p1 | p2 | p3 | ||
L1/2 (°) | Young | 5.4 (4.2, 6.4) | 4.6 (2.5, 6.4) | 1.1 (− 1.7, 2.0) | 0.2 (− 1.7, 5.3) | − 4.7 (− 6.6, − 2.2) | − 4.2 (− 6.4, 0.1) | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.36 |
Elderly | 5.6 (5.1, 7.9) | 6.5 (5.6, 7.2) | 2.1 (0.9, 6.4) | 3.3 (2.5, 3.7) | − 2.0 (− 4.1, − 0.1) | − 3.3 (− 4.8, − 1.9) | 0.43 | 0.79 | 0.43 | |
Whole | 5.5 (4.6, 6.6) | 6.2 (4.3, 6.9) | 1.3 (0.4, 2.4) | 2.6 (0, 5.0) | − 3.3 (− 5.9, − 1.7) | − 3.7 (− 5.3, − 0.2) | 0.76 | 0.22 | 0.8 | |
L2/3 (°) | Young | 7.1 (6.4, 8.1) | 8.1 (7.1, 9.9) | 0 (− 0.9, 1.1) | − 3.1 (− 3.3, 5.8) | − 7.8 (− 9.3, − 4.3) | − 5.0 (− 11.4, − 2.9) | 0.1 | 0.48 | 0.78 |
Elderly | 6.7 (5.6, 9.4) | 7.7 (4.5, 9.4) | 3.5 (1.5, 7.1) | 1.1 (− 0.2, 7.4) | − 2.8 (− 4.4, − 0.4) | − 3.2 (− 6.1, − 0.9) | 0.85 | 0.22 | 0.62 | |
Whole | 7.1 (5.9, 9.1) | 8.0 (6.2, 9.4) | 1.2 (− 0.2, 3.5) | 0.7 (− 3.1, 6.3) | − 4.3 (− 7.9, − 2.5) | − 4.8 (− 9.9, − 1.4) | 0.17 | 0.61 | 0.95 | |
L3/4 (°) | Young | 7.7 (6.1, 9.6) | 8.1 (7.1, 9.9) | − 0.6 (− 1.9, 0) | − 0.9 (− 2.5, 3.8) | − 9.6 (− 10.1, − 7.3) | − 10.3 (− 11.2, − 6.5) | 0.02 | 0.45 | 0.54 |
Elderly | 8.6 (6.8, 10.8) | 7.8 (6.9, 9.5) | 3.4 (1.5, 6.2) | 2.2 (− 2.4, 3.2) | − 4.3 (− 8.0, − 11.6) | − 5.6 (− 9.4, − 2.0) | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.45 | |
Whole | 7.7 (6.1, 9.7) | 8.9 (7.3, 10.6) | 0.4 (− 0.6, 2.6) | 0 (− 2.4, 3.6) | − 7.4 (− 9.6, − 4.2) | − 7.7 (− 10.8, − 3.4) | 0.22 | 0.62 | 0.54 | |
L4/5 (°) | Young | 9.4 (7.3, 10.5) | 10.5 (10.0, 11.2) | − 1.1 (− 2.0, 0.2) | − 1.9 (− 4.0, − 0.9) | − 10.4 (− 12.3, − 8.6) | − 12.5 (− 14.0, − 10.7) | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.19 |
Elderly | 7.9 (2.5, 10.2) | 7.7 (4.9, 11.2) | 3.1 (2.8, 5.0) | 2.0 (− 4.6, 5.8) | − 3.3 (− 7.5, − 0.8) | − 4.9 (− 9.3, − 2.5) | 0.89 | 0.12 | 0.41 | |
Whole | 9.4 (5.4, 10.5) | 10.0 (7.3, 11.2) | 1.5 (− 1.1, 3.1) | − 1.3 (− 4.4, 2.6) | − 8.2 (− 11.3, − 3.3) | − 10.4 (− 13.0, − 4.6) | 0.2 | 0.07 | 0.28 | |
L5/S1 (°) | Young | 9.1 (5.7, 11.1) | 9.0 (6.0, 10.5) | 2.4 (1.6, 4.3) | 2.0 (1.4, 3.5) | − 6.1 (− 8.9, − 4.5) | − 4.8 (− 9.2, − 3.4) | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.71 |
Elderly | 14.8 (10.4, 16.1) | 13.0 (7.0, 15.7) | 9.6 (6.6, 12.0) | 4.4 (3.4, 7.7) | − 5.0 (− 6.3, − 2.1) | − 6.2 (− 7.8, − 3.9) | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.25 | |
Whole | 10.8 (6.8, 14.7) | 9.2 (6.3, 13.3) | 4.3 (2.2, 9.6) | 3.5 (1.4, 5.6) | − 5.4 (− 7.9, − 3.5) | − 6.1 (− 8.4, − 3.8) | 0.7 | 0.18 | 0.75 | |
