Table 2 Clinical data and imaging findings of patients with radiographic and clinical ASD.

From: Risk factors for early-onset adjacent segment degeneration after one-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion

 

Early-onset ASD

p Value

Radiographic ASD

Clinical ASD (< 2yrs)

Patient number, n (%)

26 (74.3%)

9 (25.7%)

 

Patient background

 Age, years

67.50 [63.25, 75.75]

68.00 [61.00, 75.00]

0.777

 Sex (male/female)

20 (76.9%) / 6 (23.1%)

6 (66.7%) / 3 (33.3%)

0.869

 BMI, kg/m2

23.30 [21.52, 27.00]

23.30 [22.30, 24.60]

0.97

 Smoking habit

3 (11.5%)

4 (44.4%)

0.10

 Preoperative JOA score

17.00 [16.00, 19.00]

16.00 [11.00, 17.00]

0.07

Image findings

 Preoperative % slip, %

23.00 [19.25, 28.00]

21.00 [20.00, 25.00]

0.895

 Δ % slip, %

16.20 [12.00, 19.45]

18.00 [10.10, 22.00]

0.558

 L-DISH

1 (3.8%)

2 (22.2%)

0.314

 Preoperative PI, degree

49.00 [42.00, 53.50]

48.00 [42.00, 51.00]

0.438

 Preoperative LL, degree

36.50 [28.50, 41.50]

25.00 [25.00, 34.00]

0.049*

 Δ LL, degree

2.00 [− 4.75, 3.75]

1.00 [− 4.00, 4.00]

0.985

 Preoperative PI-LL, degree

13.00 [9.25, 20.00]

19.00 [9.00, 24.00]

0.623

 Postoperative PI-LL, degree

15.00 [7.25, 20.00]

19.00 [11.00, 20.00]

0.461

 L3-4 vacuum phenomenon

11 (42.3%)

3 (33.3%)

0.937

 L3-4 bone marrow signal change

 Bone marrow edema (type I)

18 (69.2%)

6 (66.7%)

1

 Fatty conversion (type II)

1 ( 3.8%)

0 ( 0.0%)

1

Surgical procedure

 Splitting laminotomy

8 (30.8%)

2 (22.2%)

0.951

 PPS

8 (30.8%)

3 (33.3%)

1

 Cage height, mm

8.00 [8.00, 9.00]

8.00 [8.00, 9.00]

0.718

 Disc space distraction, mm

3.65 [2.73, 5.33]

4.00 [2.90, 5.50]

0.762

 L3-4 decompression

12 (46.2%)

7 (77.8%)

0.21

  1. Data are shown as median [interquartile] or number (%).
  2. BMI, body mass index; JOA, Japanese Orthopaedic Association; L-DISH, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis extending to the lumbar segment; PI, pelvic incidence; LL, lumbar lordosis; PPS, percutaneous pedicle screw.
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