Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included studies.
Study** | N of pts | Topical vancomycin | Infection assessment* | Follow-up | Risk of bias | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vancomycin-based RAD | Blinding | |||||
Basha et al.15 | Yes | 126 | Paste (2.5 g powdered vancomycin mixed with 3 mL normal saline) | NR | 6 months | Serious/Critical |
Maldonado et al.16 | Yes | 52 | Paste (1 g powdered vancomycin mixed with physiologic solution) | Chest CT at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-operatively | 12 weeks | High |
Mohsin Mahmood et al.17 | No | 180 | 1 g vancomycin powder applied on sternal edges | NR | 6 weeks | High |
Pervaiz et al.18 | Yes | 276 | Solution (2 g vancomycin in 50 ml normal saline) | SSWI-limited to the subcuticular & subcutaneous layers; DSWI-involved the sternal bone or wires and collections beneath the sternum, | 1 year | Serious/Critical |
Servito et al. [SWI]5 | Yes | 1037 | Sponge soaked in 5 g vanco-mycin powder dissolved in 50 mL sterile water | Types of SWI: superficial, deep, organ space surgical site infections | 1 year | Serious/Critical |
Shah SJ et al.19 | No | 100 | Paste (1 g vancomycin mixed with 5 ml normal saline) | NR | 1 month | Serious/Critical |
Vander Salm et al.20 | No | 416 | Paste (1 g of powdered absorbable gelatin mixed with topical thrombin (1000 units/mL); and 250 mg powdered vancomycin | DSWI: sternal or mediastinal infections always necessitating a major operation; SSWIs: no sternal involvement | 1 month | Low |
Gentamycin-based RAD | Blinding | Topical gentamycin | ||||
Bennet-Guerrero et al. [SWIPE-1]21 | Single-blind | 1502 | Gentamicin-collagen sponges (total gentamicin of 260 mg) between the sternal halves at surgical closure | standardized criteria from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the ASEPSIS scoring system | 3 months | High |
Balkanay et al.22 | Yes | 100 | Solution-absorbent sponges with 320 mg of gentamicin in 250 ml of an isotonic solution | NR | 1 month | High |
Eklund et al.23 | No | 542 | gentamicin-collagen implant (130 mg gentamicin and 280 mg collagen) | monitored daily for fever, wound discharge and other evidence of wound infection by cardiac surgeons during their hospital stay | 3 months | High |
Friberg et al. [LOGIP]24 | Yes | 2000 | Collatamp-G sponge (280 mg collagen and 130 mg gentamicin—200 mg gentamicin sulfate) | Definitions of Centers of Disease Control and Prevention | 2 months | Low |
Schimmer et al.25 | Yes | 720 | Sponge (2 mg gentamicin sulphate, equivalent to 1.10–1.43 mg gentamicin) | Definitions of Centers of Disease Control and Prevention | 1 month | Low |
Schimmer et al.26 | NR | 668 | Genta-Coll resorb sponge | NR | 3 month | High |
