Figure 1

(a) Study scheme. (b) Technical steps of dorsal excisional wound induction. A 10 × 30 mm2 rectangular excision was made to remove the skin, subcutaneous fat, and panniculus carnosus muscle. The skin and panniculus carnosus muscle were then sutured at the four corners (arrows) of the excision to minimize muscle contraction. (c) Application of irreversible electroporation. The electrodes were inserted at the lower half of the excisional wound and advanced downward and forward at 45°. SD Sprague–Dawley, IRE irreversible electroporation.