Table 3 Linear regression model of social quality affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly.

From: A nationwide study of the impact of social quality factors on life satisfaction among older adults in rural China

Variable	Model1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
Control variables
Gender (male = 1)	− 0.091	0.058	− 0.107	0.014	− 0.030	0.149
Gender (male = 1)	(0.134)	(0.137)	(.129)	(0.124)	(0.136)	(0.129)
Age	− 0.253	− 0.260	0.601	0.733	0.220	0.137
Age	(1.165)	(1.191)	(1.109)	(1.073)	(1.164)	(1.095)
Marital status (married = 1)	− 0.002	0.002	− 0.004	− 0.005	− 0.001	− 0.001
Marital status (married = 1)	(0.009)	(0.009)	(0.009)	(0.008)	(0.009)	(0.008)
Education level	0.332*	0.275	0.356**	0.337**	0.335*	0.326*
Education level	(0.181)	(0.185)	(0.173)	(0.167)	(0.181)	(0.171)
Number of children	0.074	0.065	0.086	0.080	0.063	0.060
Number of children	(0.057)	(0.058)	(0.055)	(0.053)	(0.058)	(0.054)
Gender (male = 1)	− 0.166**	− 0.208***	− 0.214***	− 0.173**	− 0.168**	− 0.216***
Gender (male = 1)	(0.078)	(0.079)	(0.074)	(0.072)	(0.078)	(0.073)
Independent variables
Socioeconomic security
Total household income		0.235**				0.117
						(0.099)
		(0.107)
Housing security		0.333***				0.304***
						(0.107)
		(0.117)
Pension insurance participation		0.524****				0.326**
						(0.138)
		(0.149)
Public safety perception		− 0.014				0.088**
Social cohesion						(0.042)
Social cohesion		(0.044)
Social groups and market trust factor			− 0.164***			− 0.148**
						(0.060)
			(0.060)
Central government and institutional trust factor			0.004			− 0.006
						(0.060)
			(0.060)
Local government and general trust factor			0.389****			0.118*
						(0.068)
			(0.064)
Evaluation of the legal level of social morality			0.119****			0.054***
						(0.019)
			(0.017)
Social identity factor			0.136**			− 0.031
						(0.067)
			(0.064)
Social inclusion
Evaluation of social tolerance				0.163****		0.131****
						(0.029)
				(0.028)
Evaluation of social equity				0.214****		0.164****
						(0.030)
				(0.028)
Public service perception factor				0.321****		0.314****
Public service perception factor						(0.073)
Social empowerment
Social empowerment				(0.063)
Social participation					0.177**	0.129*
Social participation					(0.073)	(0.069)
Political efficacy factor					− 0.025	0.102
Political efficacy factor					(0.062)	(0.063)
Constant	− 2.029	12.725	− 14.886	− 20.061	− 1.173	− 2.866
Constant	(37.533)	(38.375)	(35.716)	(34.576)	(37.509)	(35.285)
N	1526	1426	1526	1526	1526	1426
F	2.052*	3.978****	16.407****	32.294****	2.310**	16.235****
AdjustedR²	0.012	0.020	0.100	0.156	0.007	0.176

Standard error in parentheses.
*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05;***p < 0.01; ****p < 0.001.

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Table 3 Linear regression model of social quality affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly.

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