Table 4 The BMEU’s cost model.

BMEU-Stack cost

1.5-fold of membrane cost

Maintenance cost

10% of total capital cost

Ion exchange membrane cost

145 $/m²

Working times

24 h/day (330 day/year)

Bipolar membrane cost

1300 $/m²

Cost of energy

0.1 $/kWh

Peripheral equipment cost

0.5-fold of stack cost

Membrane lifetime-BMEU

3 years