Table 3 The effect of information treatments.

Second wave (ref: first wave)

−0.047

−1.205

−0.313

0.110

−1.874\(^{*}\)

−1.813

0.994

−3.875+

(1.071)

(1.381)

(0.774)

(1.123)

(0.956)

(1.190)

(1.922)

(2.303)

Immigration treatment (ref: no treatment)

1.305

−0.943

−0.702

1.270

0.393

0.090

−2.080

2.060

(1.200)

(1.506)

(0.829)

(1.309)

(1.090)

(1.344)

(1.995)

(2.454)

Income treatment (ref: no treatment)

1.535

−2.123

0.370

0.301

−0.685

−0.516

−0.364

−0.965

(1.216)

(1.457)

(0.852)

(1.261)

(1.065)

(1.296)

(2.021)

(2.398)

Second wave × Immigration treatment

−3.315\(^{*}\)

−2.001

0.039

−2.177

0.356

−2.071

0.950

2.334

(1.616)

(2.060)

(1.143)

(1.834)

(1.484)

(1.804)

(2.758)

(3.444)

Second wave x Income treatment

−2.730

0.521

−0.696

−2.032

0.603

0.433

−8.048\(^{**}\)

−3.790

(1.682)

(2.070)

(1.227)

(1.708)

(1.458)

(1.750)

(2.664)

(3.217)

Woman (ref: man)

4.658\(^{***}\)

3.895\(^{***}\)

5.063\(^{***}\)

4.043\(^{***}\)

5.493\(^{***}\)

4.151\(^{***}\)

−9.132\(^{***}\)

−5.426\(^{***}\)

(0.701)

(0.880)

(0.493)

(0.764)

(0.634)

(0.782)

(1.131)

(1.398)

18–35 y.o. (ref: 36–54 y.o.)

3.291\(^{**}\)

4.270\(^{**}\)

−1.875\(^{**}\)

2.245

−0.618

0.020

−0.217

−7.129\(^{**}\)

(1.121)

(1.523)

(0.674)

(1.394)

(0.940)

(1.302)

(1.639)

(2.452)

55–70 y.o. (ref: 36–54 y.o.)

−1.761\(^{*}\)

−5.006\(^{***}\)

0.392

−1.654\(^{*}\)

−1.184+

−3.321\(^{***}\)

5.036\(^{***}\)

3.575\(^{*}\)

(0.780)

(0.976)

(0.587)

(0.830)

(0.700)

(0.846)

(1.294)

(1.539)

High educated (ref: low edu)

−3.014\(^{***}\)

−4.943\(^{***}\)

−2.796\(^{***}\)

−4.831\(^{***}\)

−4.841\(^{***}\)

−4.779\(^{***}\)

6.488\(^{***}\)

3.264\(^{*}\)

(0.735)

(0.871)

(0.517)

(0.759)

(0.617)

(0.754)

(1.190)

(1.420)

Separated/single (ref: married/cohabiting)

−1.117

−1.018

−0.524

0.414

−2.188\(^{**}\)

−0.607

1.936

3.819\(^{*}\)

(0.822)

(0.920)

(0.562)

(0.835)

(0.698)

(0.830)

(1.275)

(1.505)

Middle income (ref: low)

−2.214\(^{*}\)

−3.901\(^{***}\)

−1.559\(^{*}\)

−2.949\(^{**}\)

−6.333\(^{***}\)

−6.863\(^{***}\)

−1.370

−1.001

(1.047)

(1.087)

(0.787)

(0.997)

(1.041)

(0.997)

(1.716)

(1.792)

High income (ref: low)

−4.615\(^{***}\)

−2.009

−3.336\(^{***}\)

−2.482\(^{*}\)

−12.630\(^{***}\)

−6.646\(^{***}\)

4.782\(^{*}\)

−0.913

(1.340)

(1.427)

(0.958)

(1.245)

(1.214)

(1.251)

(2.222)

(2.288)

Unemployed (ref: employed)

1.789

3.606

2.944

0.515

4.239

3.450

2.598

3.972

(2.901)

(2.860)

(2.229)

(2.534)

(3.062)

(2.705)

(5.322)

(5.372)

Out of labor force (ref: employed)

−1.920\(^{*}\)

0.480

−0.900

1.827+

−2.314\(^{**}\)

0.064

1.469

6.970\(^{***}\)

(0.926)

(1.050)

(0.686)

(0.947)

(0.840)

(0.923)

(1.634)

(1.715)

Left (ref: center)

−2.944\(^{***}\)

−6.953\(^{***}\)

−2.494\(^{***}\)

−5.851\(^{***}\)

−1.330+

0.141

4.920\(^{***}\)

11.027\(^{***}\)

(0.831)

(1.019)

(0.573)

(0.820)

(0.733)

(0.932)

(1.354)

(1.825)

Right (ref: center)

3.669\(^{***}\)

1.830

4.691\(^{***}\)

0.934

2.540\(^{**}\)

−3.719\(^{***}\)

0.729

−4.054\(^{*}\)

(1.015)

(1.141)

(0.778)

(0.979)

(0.967)

(0.886)

(1.621)

(1.651)

Constant

13.554\(^{***}\)

18.168\(^{***}\)

17.004\(^{***}\)

19.081\(^{***}\)

13.771\(^{***}\)

15.265\(^{***}\)

11.486\(^{***}\)

15.337\(^{***}\)

(1.498)

(1.642)

(1.072)

(1.388)

(1.420)

(1.480)

(2.505)

(2.671)

Observations

3,586

2,477

3,387

2,281

3,589

2,482

3,156

2,157

Adj. R-squared

0.040

0.064

0.065

0.060

0.087

0.075

0.050

0.062