Table 4 Urinary Peak DHN concentrations following live fire training in this study compared with DHN concentrations in male adults exposed to PAHs in other occupations. (GM: geometric mean; GSD: geometric standard deviation).

From: Renal excretion of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) in firefighting instructors after exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during live fire training

Study group (n, country)

Statistical measure

Concentration [µg/l]

References

Firefighters after life fire training (n = 6, Germany)

Median (Range)

246.7 (18.2–1084.2)

This study

Coke oven workers (n = 28, China)

GM (GSD)

452 (2.28)

24

Workers at converter infeed (n = 26, Germany)

Median (Range)

945.4 (22.0–1902.6)

43

Wood impregnation workers (n = 9, Germany)

Median (Range)

88.3 (10.8–1497)

51

Workers in the abrasive industry, post-shift Monday (n = 10, Germany)

Median (Range)

3944 (114–42,066)

25

Workers in the abrasive industry, post-shift Thursday (n = 10, Germany)

Median (Range)

11,162 (337–51,809)

25