Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: The comparative anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy of postbiotics and probiotics through Nrf-2 and NF-kB pathways in DSS-induced colitis model

Figure 4

The Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α (Inflammatory cytokines) and, IL-4, IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokines), in serum. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, N = 5 per group. Statistical significance was determined using the following symbols: ●, p < 0.05; ●●, p < 0.01; ●●●, p < 0.001; ●●●●, p < 0.0001 (ND + PBS and HFD + PBS), #, p < 0.05; ##, p < 0.01; ###, p < 0.001; ####, p < 0.0001 (HFD + PBS vs. Other groups), *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001 (HFD + DSS vs. Other groups), α, p < 0.05; αα, p < 0.01; ααα, p < 0.001; αααα, p < 0.0001, The relatedness between HFD + DSS + probiotic and HFD + DSS + postbiotic groups. HFD: 60%Kcal, Fat 35%, Protein 24%, Carbohydrate 26%, Calories 52kcal/gr + PBS, DSS: DSS (2%) + PBS, HFD + Probiotic: HDF + probiotic cocktail (109 CFU), HFD + postbiotic (HDF + postbiotic cocktail (109 CFU).

Back to article page