Table 2 Degree of problems in five health-related quality-of-life domains by HIV stigma experience for 3991 people living with HIV from 21 study communities in South Africa and Zambia.
Health-related quality-of-life domain | Never experienced any stigma (n = 2957) | Experienced stigma at least once (n = 1034) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
Mobility | |||
No problems | 2913 (99%) | 995 (96%) | |
Slight problems | 35 (1%) | 32 (3%) | |
Moderate problems | 5 (< 1%) | 5 (< 1%) | |
Severe problems | 3 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | |
Unable to walk about | 1 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | p < 0.001 |
Self-care | |||
No problems | 2924 (99%) | 1012 (98%) | |
Slight problems | 24 (1%) | 20 (2%) | |
Moderate problems | 4 (< 1%) | 1 (< 1%) | |
Severe problems | 3 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | |
Unable to wash or dress | 2 (< 1%) | 1 (< 1%) | p = 0.017 |
Usual activities | |||
No problems | 2891 (98%) | 990 (96%) | |
Slight problems | 53 (2%) | 37 (4%) | |
Moderate problems | 11 (< 1%) | 6 (1%) | |
Severe problems | 1 (< 1%) | 1 (< 1%) | |
Unable to do usual activities | 1 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | p = 0.001 |
Pain/discomfort | |||
No pain/discomfort | 2768 (94%) | 909 (88%) | |
Slight pain/discomfort | 145 (5%) | 98 (9%) | |
Moderate pain/discomfort | 32 (1%) | 20 (2%) | |
Severe pain/discomfort | 10 (< 1%) | 5 (< 1%) | |
Extreme pain/discomfort | 2 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | p < 0.001 |
Anxiety/depression | |||
Not anxious/depressed | 2868 (97%) | 945 (91%) | |
Slightly anxious/depressed | 65 (2%) | 56 (5%) | |
Moderately anxious/depressed | 15 (1%) | 22 (2%) | |
Severely anxious/depressed | 7 (< 1%) | 9 (1%) | |
Extremely anxious/depressed | 2 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | p < 0.001 |
