Figure 1
From: Associations of mixed metal exposure with chronic kidney disease from NHANES 2011–2018
Forest plot of binary Logistic regression analysis by stepwise regression for the association between single metal concentration after natural log-transformation and CKD in total population (A) diabetics (B), pre-diabetics (C) and non-diabetics (D). Abbreviations: UCd, urine cadmium; UMn, urine manganese; UPb, urine lead; UHg, urine mercury; BCd, blood cadmium; BMn, blood manganese; BPb, blood lead; BHg, blood mercury. Model B-UPb adjusted for age (20–39,40–59, 60–80 years old), gender (man, women), poverty income ratio (0–1, 1–3, 3–5), alcohol consumption (< = 1, 2, > = 3 drinks per day), body mass index (< = 25, 25.1–29.9, > = 30.0 kg/m2), cardiovascular disease (yes, no), cancer (yes, no), family history of diabetes (yes, no) and urine Pb. Model B-UHg adjusted for age (20–39,40–59, 60–80 years old), gender (man, women), poverty income ratio (0–1, 1–3, 3–5), alcohol consumption (< = 1, 2, > = 3 drinks per day), body mass index (< = 25, 25.1–29.9, > = 30.0 kg/m2), hypertension (yes, no), cardiovascular disease (yes, no), cancer (yes, no) and urine Hg.
