Table 2 Numerical simulation parameters.

From: The influence of existing piles on station settlement during the construction of a tunnel undercrossing under existing stations

Design conditions

Natural density (g/cm3)

Cohesion (kPa)

Internal friction angle (°)

Elastic modulus (GPa)

Poisson ratio

SPT(N/10cm)

Range

Station structure

2.5

–

–

31.5

0.2

–

–

Existing pile

2.5

–

–

30

0.2

–

–

C25 concrete

2.3

–

–

28

0.2

–

–

C35 concrete

2.5

–

–

31.5

0.2

–

–

Pipe roof

3.3

–

–

93

0.22

–

–

Surrounding rock of reinforced area

2.25

220

42

0.6

0.35

–

–

Earth fill

1.8

80

28

0.02

0.45

–

1.7m

Clay

2.0

180

30

0.1

0.4

2.44

8.9m

Pebble bed

2.15

120

36

0.4

0.38

9.49

7.9m

Moderately weathered mudstone

2.35

600

45

0.8

0.32

18.96

41.5m

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